Approved For. Release 2002/11113 c9fi1ZR]EoTq9Affll51ll(TA-9tMlf2-3 A 1.4,J-01 @j Interim Engineering Report 1 ADVANCED THREAT TECHNIQUE ASSESSMENT By: HAROLD E. PUTHOFF RUSSELL TARG RADIO PHYSICS LABORATORY Classification Determination Pending Protect as though Classified SECRET STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE Menlo Park, California 94025 - U.S.A. Approved For Release 2002/11/13 CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE' Approved For Release 2002AK 99-RTVP1§L0b99TXftW6W§001 2-3 CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . . .. . . . . . . . LIST OF TABLE S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i V I OBJECTIVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Il INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 III PROGRESS DURING THE REPORTING PERIOD . . . . . . . . . . . 5. A. Resolution Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 B. Pilot Alphabet Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 C. Automated Alphabet Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . 15 D. Improved Judging Techniques . . . . . . . 17 E. Long Distance Experiment with Teleconferencing . . . is F. New York-Dayton Long-Distance Experiment . . . . . . 24 G. Arctic Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 H. Long-Range Remote Viewing (Soviet Targets) . . . . . 27 1. Pilot Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2. Soviet Site No. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3. Soviet Site No. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 I. Some Physical Models Potentially Applicable to Remote Perception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 IV CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Appendix COMPUTER FILE PRINTOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 ii Approved For Release 2002/11/13 CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE Approved For. Release2 A-PZDP79-W%@Aq*0050012-3 C E I ILLUSTRATIONS I Golden Pavilion Restaurant--Target and Drawings by Subject Il . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2 Hyatt House Hotel in Palo Alto Used as Remote Viewing Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 Mountain View Swimming Pool Complex, with Independent Drawings by Subjects 11 and HI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4 Stanford University.Inner Quadrangle, with Sketches by an Inexperienced Subject . . . . . . . . . . . . I . . . . 11 5 Remote Viewing of White Plaza, Stanford University, by a Visiting Scientist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6 Coast-to-Coast Remote Viewing Experiment with Grant's Tomb in New York City as Target Site . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7 Coast-to-Coast Remote Viewing Experiment, with Washington Square Fountain as New York City Target . . . . 22 8 Ohio Caves., Used as Target Site in Long Distance (1000 km) Remote Viewing Experiment . . @ . . . . . . . . 25 9 Remote Viewing.by Geographical Coordinates of Dam-Site in the USSR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10 Remote Viewing Overview of Dam-Site Locale., Showing Airport of Interest in the Lower Left . . . . . . . . . . 31 .11 Remote Viewing Sketch of Detail on Runways and Structures . . . . . . . . . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 12 Remote Viewing by Second Subject Attempting to Describe Airport Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 13 Airplane Viewed by Subject to be on the Ground at Airport Site .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 14 Detail of Airport Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 36 15 Rural Soviet Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . 37 Approved For Release 2002/1 1/11:g QIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 C R F T Approved For Release. 2002/11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 UNCLASSIFIED- - II INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY For the past four years,, we have had a program in the Eloctronics and Bioengineering Laboratory of SRI to investigate those facets of human perception that appear to fall outside the range of well-understood perceptual/processing capabilities. Of particular interest is a humar. information-Accessing capability that we call "remote vi&wing." This phenomenon pertains to the ability of certain individuals to access arid. describe, by means of mental processes, information sources blocked frowt ordinary perception., and generally accepted as secure against such access. In particular., the phenomenon we have investigated most extensively is the ability of a subject to view remote geographical locations up to several thousand km distant from his physical location (given only a known person on whom to target). We have carried out more than 50 experiments under controlled laboratory conditions with several indi- viduals whose remote perceptual abilities have been developed suffi- ciently to allow them at times to describe correctly--often in great detail--geographical or technical material such as buildings,, roads, laboratory apparatus.1 and the like. The following is an outline of the areas of investigation carried out in the past quarter. Each item will be described in detail in the body of the report. A detailed description of our work in this area was published in the Proceedings of the IEEE, pp. 329-353, March 1976. Approved For Release 2002/11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 2 Approved For Release 25AA Rfi TIA'; R`@'DPi79-7%WA%6&oOO50012-3 A. Near-field Experiments: Experiments with experienced subjects at less than 10 km distance, to examine biases and analytic interpreta- tions by subjects., which may introduce noise into the perceptual channel., B. Alphabet Experiments: Investigation of techniques to permit increased resolution in remote viewing. C. Improved Judging Techniques: Efforts to improve the reliabil- ity in the evaluation of subjects' descriptions of remote targets. D. Long Distance Teleconferencing Experiments: New York to California and New York to Dayton remote viewing experiments using thE@ ARPA-net to provide time and date records of both subject and experi- menter entries. E. Arctic Experiments: Tracking of experimenter traveling in the Arctic regions. F. Application to Distant Targets: Remote viewing of coordinate- designated targets in the USSR. G. Theory: Investigation of extensions of present-day physical- theory to provide testable models for the remote viewing phenomenon. The results of this investigation can be summarized as follows: 0 Resolution and accuracy of description has not been observed to degrade with increasing distance up to at least 5000 km. 0 Real-time tracking of known individuals has been accomplished., with regard to both location and activitiesl including reports of the presence of people at the site when people are present. 0 Detailed descriptions of Soviet military facilities have been provided, with sufficient accuracy to allow ready verification. 0 The identification of concealed alphabet letters has been accomplished., as a prelude to learning to read. inaccessible signs and words. Approved For Release 2002/11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE Approved For Release 2fQSMP EM-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 TENTATIVE It bas been demonstrated that it is not necessary for an experimenter to be knowledgeable of the desired infoi7nation., for the data to be collected by remote viewing. We continue to work with new and untrained subjects and observe that they improve with practice, so that we need not rely entirely on the availabilitv of special subjects, Redundancy improves the reliability(by having more than one individual attempt to collect information on a given site). This also allows us to identify and compensate for the biases of individual subjects. Since it is known that workers in the Soviet Union have pursued research of this type for the past forty years. we may assume that thev have achieved a level of profi- ciency at least equal to our own-, which could reasonably be considered to constitute a threat. Approved For Release 2002/14/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 C,PrRFT 'rCft1'r Ariliff- Approved For RSEC*ElT/13: ClAzl@@M@%"WA000400050012-3 be blind to all concerned. 'The project moriitor and an SRI experimenter (Puthoff) then entered the laboratory and., one by one., read off the coordinates to Subject II., who quickly sketched a map and jotted down a few phrases to describe what came to mind as the coordinates were read, taking roughly three minutes per target. After the ten response sheets were generated (in the presence of the project monitor and SRI experi- menter) in response to the ten coordinates,, the data were roughly evaluated by the project monitor and SRI experimenter by reference to The Times Atlas of the World. The results of this informal pilot experiment were sufficiently encouraging to cause the project-monitor to decide to conduct a series of experiments of the type that had been planned for later in the program; namely, the viewing and detailed description of Soviet sites of interest. 2. Soviet Site No. 1 SG1A The project monitor passed along to SRI experimenters the coordinated I Although the coordinates were intended to designate an airport of interest., they were obtained from a list which designated the nearby population center. In response subject Il generated the drawing of a dam., shown in Figure 9., which was passed along to the project monitor. Although the presence of the dam was unknown to the project monitor when he chose the coordinates,, he verified that a dam of the subject's drawn configuration was located within a few miles of the coordinates, roughly equidistant from the population center as the airport. It was then agreed that the appro- priate next step was to obtain an overview from the subject'. without indicating to him that the item of interest was an airport. Should he find an airport during this second phase, then he was to be asked for more detail. This procedure was followedl and resulted in the overview shown in Figure 10. After completion of the overviewY the SRI Approved For Release 402/11/13 .SECRET CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 TENTATIVE SG1A Approved For Release STCRET 1A@RDPfa-afflff 0400050012-3 --------- 10 .30 ct . m OVA A cx Am4m c* 4't- r1of juep I ands T" acno ss SECRET FIGURE 9 REMOTE VIEWING BY GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES OF DAM-SITE IN THE USSR (S) Approved For Release 2002,gj/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 r%r-rP FT Approved For Release 2($:ElCOlf&FC%:~~'RDT)~§LWdYR000400050012-3 Ithe regl-'+ 74, S@M cp 1jp Vm ock t-w 5 A &Are k(&aLu w. a lanfl.0 a-v -a SECRET FIGURE 10 REMOTE VIEWING OVERVIEW OF DAM-SITE LOCALE, SHOWING AIRPORT OF INTEREST IN THE LOWER LEFT (U) Approved For Release 2002/1 A : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE r t"n Approved For.ReleasefimlnE.TI'A*.~:R'DP79MQVMQW00050012-3 experimenter monitoring'Il's efforts,, apon seeing the result., then requested more detail on the airport shown in his overview. Figure 11(a) shows the runway outlines and nearby buildings., while Figure 11(b) indicates detail on a structure at the end of the major runway. These data were evaluated by the project monitorY and much of the description was verified. The project officer should be contacted for further details. A second subjectP a government employee (subject El) trained. in remote viewing in an earlier program, agreed during a visit to SRI on June 24 to participate in our efforts to obtain information about this same site. In his case SRI experimenters indicated the coordinates on a low-resolution world map and told him that the target of interest was an airport. In response he immediately generated the overview shown in Figure 12, gave detail on a Concorde-like aircraft he saw on one of the runways in Figure 13, and outlined structural details on a storage area and an antenna, as shown in Figures 14(a) and 14(b). A half-hour tape transcript along with the sketches were turned over to the project monitor for analysis. 3. Soviet Site No. 2 SG1A Coordinates for a second Soviet site were given to SRI experimenters, who then passed them on to subject Il. As a result of an error on the part of the individual who chose the coordinates., the coordinates were not of a site of interest, but rather of a.barren area out in the countryside. The subject described a town to the southwest and a relatively barren area with "loopy roads " at the target site (Figure 15). As before., the sketches and a written descrip- tion were turned over to the project monitor for evaluation, who subsequently verified the results as matching the coordinates given in Approved For Release 2002??1/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE Approved For Release 205KiR fC:t*- R@:DFTWWWWO0400050.012-3 -@6 @c@ RAMP BUILDING HANGARS SECRET (b) DETAIL ON STRUCTURE AT END OF MAJOR RUNWAY FIGURE 11 REMOTE VIEWING SKETCH OF DETAIL ON RUNWAYS AND STRUCTURES (airport) (U) Approved For Release 2002/11M : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE (a) DETAIL ON RUNWAYS Approved For.Rele.ase9E2(!lR:E.TIA~Ripegq--AqIW000400050012-3 JAIA @,14r A--, fall H a"38 rx 0 061 -off gas' OVERVIEW SECRET FIGURE 12 REMOTE VIEWING BY SECOND SUBJECT ATTEMPTING.TO DESCRIBE AIRPORT TARGET (U) Approved For Release 2002/SW13 CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SFr.RFT TENTATIVE Approve.d For. Releasdsgl@Ag L*A*@-'R"I W4 41-%MMA000400050012-3 SECRET FIGURE 13 - AIRPLANE VIEWED BY SUBJECT TO BE ON THE GROUND AT AIRPORT SITE (U) Approved For Release 2002 11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO0040005.0012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE Appro.ved.For Release 2002/11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 4 -2,y is- -all W06.1'rm. ?off ri SIZAA m 3e STORAGE AREA SECRET ANTENNA FIGURE 14 DETAIL AT AIRPORT SITE (U) m r) m m z rn Approved For Release 2002/11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 Approved For,Release$Al;&EII'A'*-"~R'D~P'7-§kM§WAV&40005.0012-3 Mqc&o) PA@ SECRET FIGURE 16 RURAL SOVIET SITE (S) 0 To 61-tC5 Approved For Release 2002711113 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECRET TENTATIVE -J' Approved F-MMG k*56 I Fii"E.IDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 error. The error thus provided an additional opportunity to verify that (a) the subject's output is not simply geared to match the expectations of the experimenters, and (b) the subject does not simply conjure up a likely result, but rather apparently describes the area appropriate to the coordinates. This experiment thus inadvertently provided a "null test'? of the type useful in the testing of human abilities. I. Some Physical Models Potentially Applicable to Remote Perception The purpose of this part of the investigation is to make use of the remote perception experimental data base described in this report, to deduce the relevant physical principles and laws governing paranormal functioning. One of the common objections to the existence of psychic functioning is that it would seem to be in conflict with the laws of physics. In our investigation., we are attempting first to demonstrate the compatibility of psychic phenomena with the laws and content of physics. We are also examining limits of specific physical theories in modeling psychic phenomena. It is hypothesized that we can use physical principles to help us understand psi phenomena; further, the psychic data base will probably shed light on some of the current problems in physics. This is particularly true for the foundations of quantum mechanics,, and for geometrical models of space-time events such as exists in relativity theory. We have dealt with the following general problem areas: First, a reconciliation between the major principles of physics and their rela- tionship to psychic phenomena; then, an.examination of Bell's theorem Dr. B.A. Rauscher. consultant to SRI on leave from Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California. 38 Approved For Release 2002/11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED, Approved ForRelease 2002/11/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 and the EPR paradox with regard to some possible models of remote per- ception. We have analyzed a relativistic Lorentz invariant condition involving superluminal signals and examined its relationship to precog- nition. We then used the precognitive data base to demonstrate the limits of this model. We have also examined higher-dimensional. geometries with regard to the possible resolution of precognition and causality, Finally, we have considered the utilization of the constraints of the remote perception data on the structure of the space-time metric. Recommendations for the direction of future theoretical work have been provided. The results of this continuing investigation will be presented in detail in the final report. 39' Approved FIMtfA2§@W ftUP79-00999AO00400050 .0.12-3 Approved For RUM 15 5 WW9-00999AO00400050012-3 IV CONCLUSIONS In this program we have been investigating facets of human per- ception that appear to fall outside of the range of well-understood perceptual/processing capabilities. Of particular interest has been a human information-accessing capability that we call remote viewing. This phenomenon pertains to the ability of certain individuals to accc-,ss and describe, by means of mental processes,, information bources blocked. from ordinary perception, and generally accepted as secure against such access. In particular., the phenomenon we have investigated most extensively is the ability of a subject to view remote geographical locations up to several thousand km distant from his physical location,, given only geographical coordinates or a known person on whom to target, Several individuals' remote perceptual abilities have now been developed sufficiently to allow them to describe--often in great detail--geograph- ical or other technical material such as buildingsl roads, and natural formations. We have also carried out experiments.in which subjects have learned to identify concealed alphabet letters, as a prelude to learning to read inaccessible signs and words. In all of the above work we have found that it is not necessary for an experimenter to have any prior knowledge of the data to be collected by remote viewing. Throughout this program we have continued to work with new and untrained subjects., to make certain that we need never rely entirely upon the availability of a very limited number of special subjects. In experiments making use of more than one subject to view a distant target., we have found that this redundancy approach gives improved A Approved For Release 2002/1013 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release R AfRgOO050012-3 M/01"ETA- DP791@WA reliability. It also allows us to obtain information with regard to the biases of each individual subjectil so as to assess more accurately the utility of his output. In experiments extending up to 5000 kmY we have not found any degradation in accuracy or resolution as a function of increasing distance. Real-time tracking of individuals with regard to their location and activities has been accomplished over similar distances. Remote viewing through the use of geographical coordinates have provided detailed descriptions of Soviet military facilities with sufficient accuracy to allow client verification of the data. Since (a) the ability to perform the tasks described herein appears to be widely distributed in the population., and (b) the Soviets are known to be pursuing an extensive research program in this area, we must assume that similar results are being obtained. Therefore, it can be taken as probable that such technology in the Soviet Union is suffi- ciently advanced to constitute a threat. Approved For Release 2002A:4/13 : CIA-RDP79-00999AO00400050012-3 SECORMT TENTATIVI=