5: CIA-RDP9f6iijili"onniiqU~X-ilVE Final Report (1977) ADVANCED THREAT ASSESSMENT (U) TECHNIQUE HAROLD E, PUTHOFF RUSSELL TARG RADIO PHYSICS LABORATORY EDWIN C. MAY CONSULTANT Classification Determination Pending Protect as though Classified SECRET STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE Menlo Park, California 94025 - U.S.A. T @VE d For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP9`9-tY0791R(M(72002 Final Report (1977) July 1977 Covering the Period 15 April 1976 to 15 April 1977 ADVANCED THREAT TECHNIQUE ASSESSMENT (U) By: HAROLD E. PUTHOFF RUSSELL TARG RADIO PHYSICS LABORATORY EDWIN C. MAY CONSULTANT SRI Project 5309 Approved by.- DAVID A. JOHNSON, Director Radio Physics Laboratory RAY L. LEADABRAND, Executive Director Electronics and Radio Sciences Division Copy No . ...... of 50 copies. This document consists of 126 pages. SRI 7-4375 Classification Determination Pending Protect as though Classified SECRET 9 E %'Mo IF% E6 F - Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/ -.&. am ^_ in ir_w_ 1111100111111111"200270001-7 W no low OIL 159-8 (This page is UNCLASSIFIED) CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LIST OF TABLES (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I OBJECTIVE (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II PROGRAM DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY (U) . . . . . . . . . . . III INTRODUCTION (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Background (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. SRI Program Content (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV LOCAL REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENTS (U) . . . . . . . . . . . A. General (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. Remote-Viewing Experiments with Sponsor Participation (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. Content Analysis of a Local Remote-Viewing Transcript (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Psychologist's General Assessment (U) . . . . . 2. Sample Transcript AnalXsis (U) . . . . . . . . . a. Comparison of Quotes from Subject with Quotes from Outbound Experi- menters (U) b. Comparison of @ketch;s Mad; by'th'e' Subject and by the Outbound Experi- menters During Remote Viewing (U) . . . . . C. Selected Comments for a Comparison of the Time Sequence Reported at the Site with That Reported by the Subject (U) . . . D. Tracking Persons Unknown to Subject (Abstract Targeting) (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. Alphabet Experiments (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Twenty-Trial Tests with Two Subjects (U) . . . . 2. Remote Viewing of Alphabet Letters (U) . . . . . 3. Machine-Generated Targets with Feedback (U) . . V LONG-DISTANCE REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENTS (U) . . . . . . . A. General (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V ix 1 3 5 5 8 11 11 12 18 18 18 21 23 25 26 27 29 29 30 35 35 iii Approved For Release 2600/oNiSs:L(MALREJPB"0791ROO0200270001-7 Approved For Release "3082M fr@CIA-RQP96-00791 R000200270001-7 aftrow,fton,%@ I -1.1-11RIPM B. Menlo Park to New York City (Grant's Tomb) (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 C. Menlo Park to New York City (Washington Square Fountain) (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 D. Quantitative Analysis of New York City Target Transcripts (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 E. New York City to Ohio (Ohio Caves); Under Sponsor Control (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 F. New Orleans to Palo Alto (Northern California Bank Plaza) (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 G. Menlo Park to New Orleans (Louisiana Super- dome) (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 H. Content Analysis of a Long-Distance Remote- Viewing Transcript (Louisiana Superdome) (U) . . . . 53 VI REMOTE VIEWING BY COORDINATES (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 A. General (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 B. Experiments to Calibrate Remote-Viewing Resolution Capability (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 1. Sylvania Laser Laboratory, Mt. View, California (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 2. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevatron, Berkeley, California (U) . . . . . . . . . . . 67 C. Real-Time Targeting (Minuteman and Poseidon Missile Static Test Firings in the Western United States) (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 D. Sponsor-Designated Targets in the USSR (S) . . . . . 75 1. Pilot Study (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 2. Soviet Site A (Ramenskoye Airfield) (S)@ 83 3. Soviet Site B (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 4. Ten-Site Scan (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 a. Subject El Scan of Site 2 (U) . . . . . . 90 b. Subject 11 Scan of Site 2 (U) . . . . . . 91 VII CONCLUSIONS (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 APPENDICES A SUBJECT El SCAN OF SOVIET SITE 2 (S) . . . . . . . . . . 99 B -PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE TO PSYCHOENERGETICS (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 REFERENCES (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 iv 1% L; I im-i 11A Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/ 1 MM q202OO270001-7 Ppra v F-'zrl (This page is UNCLASSIFIED) ILLUSTRATIONS 1 Golden Pavilion Restaurant. and Drawing by Subject Il of Divided Roadway. Trees, Steps, and Buildings (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2 Hyatt House Hotel in Palo Alto, and Sketch Produced by Subject in Menlo Park (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3 Mountain View Swimming Pool Complex, and Drawings by Subjects Il and H1 in Simultaneous, Separate Experiments (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4 Stanford University Inner Quadrangle, and Sketches Produced by Subject Inexperienced at Remote Viewing -(U) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5 Vallombrosa Chapel in Menlo Park (U) . . . . . . . . . . 20 6 Subject Gl's Largest and Most Prominent Sketch Compared with Debriefing Comments by Outbound Experimenters (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7 Palo Alto Bowling Green. and Drawing by Subject Hi (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8 Grant's Tomb, Used as Target in Coast-to-Coast Remote- Viewing Experiment, 2 July 1976,(U) . . . . . . . . . . . 38 9 Computer File Printout from California-to-New York Long-Distance Remote-Viewing Experiment--Target: Grant's Tomb in New York City (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 10 Washington Square in New York City, Used as Target in Coast-to-Coast Remote-Viewing Experiment,, 6 July 1976 (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11 Computer File Printout from California-to-New York Long-Distance Remote-Viewing Experiment--Target: Washington Square in New York City (U) . . . . . . . . . 42 12 Ohio Caves. Used as Target in Long-Distance Remote- Viewing Experiment (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 13 Target Used in Remote-Viewing Experiment--New Orleans to Palo Alto, 30 October 1976, and Sketches by Subject S1 (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 14 Louisiana Superdome, Used as Target in Long-Distance Remote-Viewing Experiment from SRI, Menlo Park, and Drawings by Subject G1, 31 October 1976 (U) . . . . . . . 54 v TENTATIVE 1@ ;7" ;(1 r Approved For Release 220ft:WP;1aJ§ !sqk4@,Qg T 00200270001-7 @s T Approved For Release 2003105115 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 =I" A-4 r% r. r ftP16 - - -- TEMNIATIVE 15 Two Buildings at Sylvania Target Site, and Clay Models Made by Subject Il in Remote-Viewing Experiment, Menlo Park to Mountain View, California (U) . . . . . . . . 61 16 Photograph of Air-Supported Building at the Sylvania Target Site, and Subject Il's Drawing of "Aereator" (sic) Building (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 17 Subject Il's Second Drawing of Sylvania Air-Supported Building (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 18 Two Sylvania Buildings , and Drawings by Subject . Ii (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 19 Front-View Photograph of Manufacturing Building, with Drawing and Clay Model by Subject (U) . . . . . . . . . . . 66 20 Subject Drawing of Inside of I'Heat and Light Machine" and an Indication of I'Transformers" on the Right . . . . . 67 21 Photograph of Sylvania Gas-Transport Laser (U) . . . . . . 68 22 Berkeley Bevatron, and Sketch by Subject Hl (U) . . . . . . 70 23 Clay Model Made by Subject in Response to Coordinates of Berkeley Bevatron (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 24 Interior of Bevatron Building, with Sketch by Subject H1 (U) . . . . . . .. *-* * * * . * ' ' * ' * ' 72 25 Two Views of Bevatron Building (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 26 Drawing by Subject Il of Dust Cloud Raised During Rocket Engine Test (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 27 Photograph of Dust Cloud at Rocket Test Site (U) . . . . . 77 28 Drawing by H1, and Rocket Test Site Schematic Shown for Comparison (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 29 Photo of Test Bay Showing Test Firing of Rocket ., Engine (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 30 Remote Viewing by Geographical Coordinates of Dam Site in the USSR (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 31 Remote-Viewing Overview of Dam-Site Localel Showing Airport of Interest in the Lower Left (U) . . . . . . . . . 86 32 Remote-Viewing Sketch of Detail on Runways and Structures (Soviet Airport) (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 33 Remote Viewing by Second Subject Attempting to Describe Soviet Airport Target (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 34 Airplane Viewed by Subject to be on Ground at Airport Site (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 35 Rural Soviet Site (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 vi C r &I" r% rN Approved For Relcazc-z-o,@' VJ-0.T--iA-R4W-6Y)f 91 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release R000200270001-7 ff KC 36 Sketch Generated by Subject El (Site 2) (U) . . . . . . . . 92 37 Subject Il's Overview of Site 2 (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 38 Sketches Generated by Subject Il (Site 2) (U) . . . . . . . 94 39 Clay Model Generated by Subject Il (Site 2) (U) . . . . . . 95 vii Approved For Release 2 SIF oWN); @M-17179B-IKPR000200270001-7 Approved For Releas AMCCAS"WIT1391 R000200270001-7 TABLES I Alphabet Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2 Quantitative Analysis of the Grant's Tomb Transcript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3 Quantitative Analysis of the Washington Square Transcript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 ix UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 200'y-lwj.,@,t 90200270001-7 -W I OBJECTIVE The purpose of this program is to provide a basis for assessing psychoenergetic processes as an advanced threat -technology that could be developed by the USSR. This study is to determine the state of the art and evaluate the application feasibility. 1 r% rM or Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/QLdfiW ralift Tm 91 R000200270001-7 II PROGRAM DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY This report is the final technical report summarizing the work performed under SRI Project 5309, Advanced Threat Technique Assess- ment (U). The objective of this program is to provide a basis for assessing psychoenergetic processes as an advanced threat technology that could be developed by the USSR. This study is to determine the state of the art and to evaluate application feasibility. To carry out this task, SRI concentrated on the evaluation of a particular human perceptual capability, a perceptual process called remote viewing. This phenomenon pertains to the ability of certain individuals to access and describe, by means of mental processes, in- formation blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding, and generally accepted as secure against such access. In particular, the phenomenon we have investigated most extensively is the ability of a subject to view remote geographical locations, even at intercontinental distances, given-only geographical coordinates or a known person on whom to target. The remote-viewing abilities of several subjects have now been developed sufficiently to allow the subjects to describe--often in great detail--geographical or technical material such as natural formations, buildings, roads, interior laboratory apparatus, and the like. In a series of experiments extending up to 5000 km, we have not found any degradation in accuracy or resolution as a function of in- creasing distance. Furthermore, real-time tracking of the activity of individuals has been accomplished over these distances. Such experiments have included the successful real-time remote viewing by two subjects of a series of solid-propellant missile static test firings in the western United States. These events were designated as targets by the sponsor's technical contract monitor and kept blind to SRI program participants 3 r r &4" n rm Approved For Release 2003/65k5a_: @01A'DP'96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release ego k+ IA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 G_-- .-.,-..TIVE until the series was completed and the data were submitted to the spon- sor for evaluation. Finally, remote viewing through the use of geographical coordinates as target designators has provided detailed descriptions of Soviet military facilities designated as targets by the sponsor. Sponsor evaluation of the data is contained in a separate report. As is generally true with human perceptual sources, the information may be imperfectl and is therefore best utilized in conjunction with other resources. Nonetheless, the data generated by this process exceeded any reasonable bounds of coincidental correlation, and therefore may constitute a valuable information source. With regard to a potential Soviet threat, it is known that workers in the Soviet Union have pursued work in the psychoenergetics field for the past forty years. We must therefore assume that they have achieved a level of proficiency similar to that reported here. 4 a ; T, MVE Approved For Release 2bMWT507 61A@- 6-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/OEP,@.W r'.9P96-00791 R000200270001-7 Mr7,TM A T TIM III INTRODUCTION A. Background Recent publications in both the open and classified literature provide mounting evidence for the existence of so-called "parapsychologi- cal," "paraphysical," or "psychoenergetic" processes. These processes include: (1) The acquisition and description, by mental means, of information blocked from ordinary perception by distance or shielding and thought to be secure against such access. (2) The prodiiction of physical effects such as the perturbation of instrumentation or equipment that would appear to be well shielded against such interactions. The literature also provides evidence of the acceleration of research in both the Western and Soviet Bloc countries in an effort to precipitate a breakthrough. Attention was called to this area by the United States Intelligence Board's (USIB) Scientific and Technical Intelligence Committee (STIC) in a recent document -entitled "Views on Emerging Areas of Science and Technology Potentially Important to National Security." J* In the West, an exploratory research effort on psychoenergetic channels has been carried out in our laboratory at Stanford Research Institute (SHI). These results have been reported in two documents, one classified,2 and one unclassified. 3 This work dealt primarily with a capability that we call "remote viewing, 11 the ability to view remote geographical locations up to several thousand kilometers. In more than 100 experiments with roughly a dozen subjects, extending over almost five years, results were obtained on the viewing of buildings, laboratory apparatus, and the like. From this work we conclude that: References are listed at the end of this report. 5 10,16 am 'Yl= IVE Approved For Release 2003/06M 5-:'Cl5%-ftA9"6-M9"1 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release MONO& IS ilOM-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 fto Ow 'fto 0% INE (1) (U) The phenomenon is not a sensitive function of distance over a range of several kilometers and is still operative over a range of several thousand kilometers. (2) (U) Faraday cage electrical shielding does not appear to degrade the quality or accuracy of perception. (3) (U) Most of the correct information pertains to shapeY form, color, and material rather than to function or name. (4) (U) The principal difference between experienced sub- jects and inexperienced volunteers is not that the latter do not exhibit the faculty but rather that their results are simply less reliable, indicating that remote viewing may be a latent and widely distributed., though repressed, perceptual ability. (5) (S) Subjects trained over a several-year period have performed well under operational conditions. Work in this area of research in the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia is discussed in a DIA document. 4 It is pointed out that beginning with early work (1930s) in the laboratory of L. Vasiliev 5 (Leningrad Institute for Brain Research), Soviet efforts in the area of paranormal function- ing have concentrated on behavior modification and control (e.g., putting people into a trance at a distance through hypnosis) in con- trast to the Western orientation toward remote data acquisition. Also, apparently in keeping with Soviet ideology, the work in the USSR is strongly oriented toward the physical aspects of the channel. Indeed', some of the best theoretical work has been done by Soviet researcher I. Kogan in his investigation of the ELF (extremely 1'ow frequency) 6-9 electromagnetic hypothesis. The authors of the DIA document conclude that the Soviet Bloc parapsychology research effort is now aimed at achieving an understanding and control of the energy involved. Garrett Airesearch., an aerospace firm in southern CaliforniaY has performed a review of Soviet literature on psychoenergetic research that led to conclusions similar to those of the DIA document. 10.911 The body of the report treats Soviet application of statistical theories, rese-arch done on electrostatics., the development of remote sensors,, hypothesized carrier mechanisms,, human sensitivity to magnetic fields, and performance training to improve accuracy. Their conclusions include (U): 6 t- ar Approved For Release 2TOj/106/1 CfA-RDP96*-Oii0S1 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/951i k:jg8l&.r'Df 96@-OgTq1 R000200270001-7 rF1 T I TV (1) Soviet researchers have done significant work on signal- extraction, statistical, and information-theory approaches to psychoenergetic processes. (2) Soviet researchers have done creditable work on the electrostatics of telekinesis and have probably now turned their attention to the psychophysiological aspects of the phenomenon. (3) Soviet researchers have an interest in remote physiological monitors, have developed one or two new instruments, and are probably performing R&D in this area. (4) Soviet researchers had, and probably still have., an interest in the physics of psychoenergetic transmission mechanisms and are probably doing research in this area. (5) There is a developing interest in the Soviet Bloc to apply psychophysiological training methods (similar to biofeedback) to develop control over psychoenergetic meQhanisms. (6) Soviet researchers are investigating the psychophysiology of multimodal, programmed stimulation as a method to entrain physiological rhythms and produce changes in states of consciousness. (7) A systematic., interdisciplinary approach to psychoenergetic research by the USSR would require only a modest commit- ment of resources. A small number of key personnel with an adequate supporting staff of engineers and technicians could make substantial headway in this area. At this stage, in Garrett's opinion; no unique technological breakthrough is required--only careful investigation. In addition., no unique features such as physical plant facilities, services, or equipment would specifically identify a psychoenergetics laboratory from other types of R&D laboratories. (8) Finally, Garrett notes that open publication of some of the most advanced work in this area has inexplicably stopped. The implausibility of the work itself being stopped has led Garrett to conclude that the work is continuing secretly. Further support for the idea that work in this area is continuing in the USSR can be inferred from a 1974 interview with Kogan, which appeared in the newspaper Leninskoye Znamya (Lenin's Banner), an official organ of the Moscow region Communist Party. 12 In that inter- view Kogan discusses a number of recent developments in the field, in- cluding his own experiments, and gives an estimate as to the number of well-developed psychics in the general population 1 in 10 5 7 ccrnr- Approved For Release 2003/05T1 67171uW40OP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Releasil 9QJMfgJMgM-RQP96-00791 R000200270001-7 4J & %W 1% NO I- @ @ v " Thus., the DIA and Garrett reports, and supporting data point to the increasing importance of the psychoenergetics area in Soviet research. The validity of this conclusion received further support when the Soviet Psychological Association recently issued an unprecedented position paper calling on the Soviet Academy of Sciences to step up efforts in this area. 13 The Association recommended that the newly formed Psycho- logical Institute of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences review the area and consider the creation of a new laboratory within one of the institutes to study persons with unusual abilities. They also recommended a com- prehensive evaluation of experiments and theory by the Academy of Sciences' Institute of Biophysics and Institute for the Problems of Information Transmission. It was in this climate that SRI was tasked to provide a basis for assessing the probability of an advanced psychoenergetics threat tech- nique that could be in development in the USSR. The study was to provide indicators that suggested particular advanced threat related applications, and was to include feasibility evaluation using US capabilities in a modeled or simulated threat role. B. SRI Program Content Following is an outline of the areas of investigation carried out in this program. Each item is described in detail in the remaining sections of the report. Section IV: Local Remote-Viewing Experiments - Local (less than 10 km distance) remote-viewing experi- ments under sponsor observation, using experienced subjects, to examine subject biases that introduce noise into the perceptual channel. - Content analysis of remote viewing transcripts to obtain a quantitative measure of accuracy. - Pilot experiments in the tracking of persons unknown to the subject. - Alphabet target experiments to investigate techniques to permit increased resolution in remote viewing. 8 w04 g-gm n r T 60 U__T4=W_ E Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : ZIA-R-DP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2006MILLIL-@r. _FDF96-00791ROO0200270001-7 IM"X:22VE ~ Section V: Long-Distance Remote-Viewing Experiments - Use of the DARPA teleconferencing computer network to provide date and time records of experiments in progress. - Long distance remote-viewing experiments (New York to California; New York to Dayton; New Orleans to California). ~ Section VI: Remote Viewing by Coordinates - The use of geographical coordinates to designate a remote-viewing target. - Application of coordinate procedure to the description of local (San Francisco Bay Area) high-technology targets (Sylvania Laser Laboratory, Mountain View, California; Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevatron, Berkeley, California). - Application of coordinate procedure to real-time remote viewing of solid-propellant missile firings in the western Un-ited States. - Application of coordinate procedure to sponsor-designated targets in the USSR. ~ Section VII: Conclusions 9 a I; X -00@@ Approved For Release 2003/OWT57@CFAMEPH 00791 R000200270001-7 RA Approved For Release fff4, L,&tTfJrV R000200270001-7 IV LOCAL REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENTS A. General To demonstrate our procedures to the technical representative of the sponsor organization a series of five experiments involving local targets were carried out during the initial month of this program. The sponsor's representative either remained in the laboratory with the subject or participated in the selection of the target and proceeded there with the outbound experimenter. He therefore had an opportunity to assess thefunctioning and accuracy of the remote-viewing channel on a first-hand basis I To begin the experiment., the subject was closeted with an experi- menter at SRI and instructed to wait 30 minutes before beginning a narrative description of the remote location. An outbound experimenter then either chose (by use of a Texas Instruments SR-51 random number generator) a target location from a pool of more than 100 targets within a 30-minute driving time from SRI, ok@ in the case of the first two of the five experiments, the sponsor representative selected sites of his own choosing. The outbound experimenters then left SRI by automobile and proceeded directly to the target without any communication with the subject or experimenter remaining behind., so that the target location selected was kept blind to subject and experimenters in the laboratory. The experimenter remaining with the subject at SRI was kept ignorant of both the particular target and the target pool so as to eliminate the possibility of cueing (overt or subliminal) and to allow him freedom in questioning the subject for clarification of his descriptions. The outbound experimenters remained at the target site for an agreed-on 15- minute observation period following the 30 minutes allotted for tra vel. During the observation period, the remote-viewing subject at SRI was asked to describe his impressions of the target site into a tape recorder and to make any drawings he thought appropriate. A tentative evaluation 11 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For RtInet?NSIS WIIPD6-00791 R000200270001-7 was made of the subject's output when the demarcation team returned. Also, following the experiment the subject was taken to the site to provide feedback. In addition to providing a demonstration of remote viewing, an important purpose of these initial experiments was to obtain information about the resolution capability of the remote-viewing channel. To this end we worked with two of our most experienced subjects, designated here as Il and Hl. Results from these subjects can be compared with those of two less experienced subjects who also took part in the experi- ments. The results of these five experiments are summarized below, and transcripts of the subjects' narratives can be provided upon request. These were all the experiments carried out during this orientation pro- cedure; no data have been suppressed. B. Remote-Viewing Experiments with Sponsor Participation Golden Pavilion Restaurant. Subject Ills drawing of a cluster of buildings located at a sweeping turn-off from a divided roadway has many of the characteristics of the target., located on El Camino Real in Palo Alto, as shown in Figure 1. Dr. Puthoff and the contract monitor were at the target. Hyatt House Hotel. In this case Subject Il made a number of drawi-ngs that did not come together into a coherent representation, although some elements of his output were suggestive of the location (e.g., he made a drawing of an arched structure with a small block labeled "house" on the top of the arch). During this experiment a response was obtained from a second subject (RI) remote viewing the target from a second laboratory location. The subjects worked simul- taneously in separate rooms, and did not cormnunicate. The sketch The key to numerical designations for subjects is available from the sponsoring agency's contract monitor. 12 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED u- 0 Lu I co D 03 0 z X@ 0 z .'b z D U) Lu 0 cr Z z 0 Z Z ul Lu 0 Lu cr Lu D LL 0 2 Cc z 13 Approved For Release 2UWL-JOj"tf;JE7E) R000200270001-7 Approved For Retf iq tCM§tJlrftPff-00791 R000200270001-7 made by R1 is shown together with a photograph of the target in Fig- ure 2. Pool Complex. In this experiment, Subjects Il and HI attempted to describe or draw aspects of the target (shown in Figure 3) visited by the remote team. Subject Hl's description was of a pool or pond in a shady glen., which was essentially a direct hit. Subject Il drew a little hill of grass surrounded by a plaza with squares and a curved path leading to water., again a result in close correspondence with the target area. His second drawing continues this watery theme with some added shrubs. Baylands Nature Preserve. The subject in this case was a visiting scientist, DI, who had read of our research. He described and drew a long wooden walkway, and described some extensive gardens. Both of these elements are strongly present at the target location. He also described a building he had visited on the previous day, which was not at the place visited. This sort of superposition of erroneous imagery on an other- wise accurate description is often observed and is a principal obstacle to be overcome if remote viewing is to become a useful tool. Stanford University Inner Quad. In a second experiment using D1Y the subject described a courtyard and made the two drawings shown in Figure 4. Almost every element of his drawings corresponds to the actual arrangement at the location of the remote experimenters. Although the subject was inexperienced in remote viewing, this set-of responses is among the most accurate and detailed we have obtained. From experiments conducted to date it appears likely that the ability to do remote viewing is distributed throughout the population and that high-quality results can be obtained even from inexperienced subjects. As in our previously published work, 2 3 we find that even in this introductory series the evidence accumulates that improved reli- abi.lity can be obtained by having more than one subject work independently to describe target sites. The use of multiple subjects thus appears to provide an opportunity to correct for individual subject biases. 14 U Noq&6@:@l F I E D Approved For Release 2 IA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2VNICLMtrifu 000200270001-7 roller r,-X SA-5309-1 FIGURE 2 HYATT HOUSE HOTEL IN PALO ALTO, AND SKETCH PRODUCED BY SUBJECT IN MENLO PARK (U) 15 Approved For ReleaseMNrmtA5kV61hIQ R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/16 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED cli D 0 Lu z D cn z z cn Lu 3 ca D cn ca Ct) (D _r_ 0 z m a) z 0 0 Lu m -j 0 0 0- 0 0 z F- z Lu 2 cc Lu Lu IL x Lu Z Lu Z 0 Lu cn CV) 0 Lu w cc LL D z 0) 0 tv) 16 Approved For ReleUMCLSM 4SIBWO0791 R000200270001-7 P. Approved For Release 2U I qft- ASTI Vfffd R000200270001-7 7.' -m'a -7 (7w PAW Vtw@' 60 SA-5309-2 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 4 STANFORD UNIVERSITY INNER QUADRANGLE, AND SKETCHES PRODUCED BY SUBJECT INEXPERIENCED AT REMOTE VIEWING (U) 17 Approved For Release 9T3*4AA-4AF919CQ1 R000200270001-7 L-- Approved For Re uniftwisilprRP-00791 R000200270001-7 C Content Analysis of a Local Remote-Viewing Transcript 1. Psychologist's General Assessment In consultation with Dr. Ralph Kiernan of Stanford University Medical Center,, we have been analyzing past transcripts from remote- viewing experiments, to help us learn what parts of the transcripts are the most reliable. In Dr. Kiernan's opinion the adjectival portions constitute the primary carrier of correct information as compared with the nouns., and especially as compared with proper nouns. For example,, if a subject reports that there is "a shiny, red fire hydrant," one would be safe only in assuming that there was a red cylinder at the remote site. But a search for a fire hydrant would in general be unwarranted. We see that descriptors like wide, flat, undergroundl and dark are all likely to be reliable. Whereas references to nuclearP secret, Mercedes or factory are less likely to be correct. Dr. Kiernan was willing to make a prediction based on our past work. He observes that since almost everyone we have tested shows ability to do remote viewing to some extent, and since it appears to be mediated primarily by the right cerebral hemisphere of the brain, it is likely that a right-brain-damaged patient would not be successful at remote viewing. We consider it important to carry out this experiment at some future date as a test of this particular hypothesis, so as to verify whether the general handling of data on the basis okright-hemi- sphere biasing assumptions is correct. 2. Sample Transcript Analysis Following the sponsor orientation series., we conducted an experiment with an SRI systems analyst and research engineer. A detailed analysis of all phases of this subject's output was carried out. This analysis included the following: (1) Comparison of the subject's largest and most prominent sketch, with the outbound experimenter's descriptive comments. 18 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release firmt fig-STIF12V 1 R000200270001-7 (2) Comparison of the sequence of events recorded at the site, with that reported by the subject. (3) Comparison of quotes from the subject with quotes by the outbound experimenters concerning the site. (4) Comparison of subject's drawings with drawings of outbound experimenters. (5) Underlining of relevant portions of unedited subject transcript. (6) Listing of reactions of the subject to being taken to the target site. (7) Phrases used by the subject during the experiment as compared with the phrases used by the outbound experimenters to describe the same objects. (8) Notes made by the outbound experimenters while at the site. (9)- Subject's guesses and analytical comments in the time seqiience in which they were made. The experiment analyzed in greatest detail was that of July 14, 1976. The site was the Vallombrosa Chapel in Menlo Park, California. The team who selected the target pool for this experiment wrote of this target: It Vallombrosa chapel had all the features for which we were looking. It had an unusual spire, which dominates the building. It is a church retreat for women, a function entirely different from the other 5 sites in our target pool. It had a calm quiet, peaceful atmosphere, and an integrated feeling that we believed would make it a good target for a subject and for judging." The photographs taken at the time of target selection are presented in Figure 5. showing the church building and its prominent yellow glass tower. The outbound team performed a number of qualitative analyses of the Vallombrosa transcript,, of which three are included here. They are (1) the comparison of quotes from subject and outbound experimenters, (2) the comparison of drawings and descriptions, and (3) the time-sequence of selected comments from all participants. 19 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Rel-116,111WEAIS-SIMPEED00791 R000200270001-7 ITJ UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-3 FIGURE 5 VALLOMBROSA CHAPEL IN MENLO PARK (U) 20 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED a. Comparison of Quotes from Subject with Quotes from Outbound Experimenters The following consists of quotes from the subject's tape recorded comments during the experiment compared with the taped de- briefing comments made by the outbound experimenters at the site. -(Each outbounder made a separate tape out of hearing range of the other.) The purpose of this analysis is to detect possible similarities. Gl- Obl (Observer 1) looking up to the blue sky. [Later] It was like a steeple, something that was painted..." Ob2: Tall steeple on the chapel that reached out to the blue sky. Gl: She's (Obl) looking down.... I'm seeing the ground... she's squatting down looking at something, or kneeling down. Ob2 is also kneeling, looking at something. Ob2: The lawn felt cool. I felt it with my hand. Gl: Like it's a...something swirled with... like a snail, almostY like something swirled with straight tenacles extending from it. Obl: We saw two sprinklers going in the first part of the experiment., one twirling around... the other was spraying out a cone-shaped spray of water. Gl: I don't think it's something she could touch ... but it's something that she could look into. Ob2: Put my hand in the water sprinkler.... Felt like rain on my arm. GI: Objects whirling around, something whirling around... lots of it. But it's not like a noise ... all these things standing upright that are circular in shape .... But there's movement. Something about them that's natural...hazy, swirling thing.... But I get the feeling it's man-made .... They seem to be placed. That's the man-made aspect of it .... They seem to be placed in certain spots, but they're natural .... It's almost like a semi-circle.... But yet they (Obl and Ob2) could turn around and walk out of this Ir thing, or out of this area. 21 Approved For ReleaselAt4G/l&'405%$LFIED91ROO0200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED Gl: I get the feeling it's ... outdoors., but they're protected in some way from sunlight...it's just a shade. Ob2: The trees were large...trees--giant trees everywhere. Obl: Many trees around... a very large deciduous tree. Gl: There's a grassy knoll on a hillside .... But that's quite a ways away.... I can't guess the distance .... This * hill is off... fuzzy things ... it moved. It didn't stay still .... If you took a photograph, it would be fuzzy. If you took a photo- graph sometime later, it would be gone and moved. Ob2: We walked ... Obl and I over to the pond ... she caught several pollywogs ... saw them wiggle ... two ... dragon flies., flying together back and forth. Obl: Then we walked over, a brief short distance... to a rather large lilly pad (pond) that was essentially oval in shape. There are three major clumps of lilly pads on it ... noticed dragon flies flying.... I concentrated on the ripples on the water.... I picked up three pollywogs ... watched them squirm. Gl: Something roundish. Ob2: I put my hands in the water, I swished them back and forth... water lilly leaves were round and very circular.... The pond is oval in shape ... looking down on the surface of the water... I noticed that there were little circles ever widening outward caused by the movement of the fish.... Circles., circles, circles going outward. Obl: I threw a mud clod...watched the circles go out.... As I threw a few more pebbles in the water, I noticed the circles they made and how they went out. Gl: There's something on a pole that's associated with this thing this place. Maybe it identifies it ... not your average pole.... There was something at the top. Obl: Cylinder...with jagged top and above that is a metal cross. Photographs of the pond show that it is on a raised area, built up above the surrounding ground level. 22 Approved For RUN rM@55 VAIFFA-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED Gl: It looks like that pole was metal, like an extruded pipe. It has lines that are marked ... has an aluminum finish. Obl: Put my arms around one of the cement pillars and hugged it ... had been wrapped with some kind of thing in which the concrete was poured into it... round cement light concrete pillars. 4 - b. Comparison of Sketches Made by the Subject and by the Outbound Experimenters During Remote Viewing The brief sketches made by the outbound experimenters at the target site to capture the essence of what they were seeing are simple and rather primitive in nature, much like those made by the sub- ject who was perceiving the scene remotely. ThusY although subject sketches may-seem simple and incomplete, those who were physicallythere at the site unintehtionally sketched in a similar manner, sketching to capture the gestalt of the place with little thought for the drawing itself. A comparison shows that both sets of drawings are characterized by simplicity and directness. The sketches below were made by the out- bound experimenters at the site during the experiment and are to be compared with the subject's sketch shown in Figure 6. OB1 Perhaps drawings by subjects could be compared more often in future experiments, with those made at the site by the outbound - experimenters. When the subject and outbound experimenters are "into" the experience of perceiving a site, similarities may show up in sketches 23 Approved For ReleasJJCN1GJL9Adfi0WJEE)D91 R000200270001-7 Approved For RetjNCj/*qSjlFfffD-00791 R000200270001-7 OB1 "THE MAIN INTENSE FEATURE THAT ONE SEES CYLINDER THAT'S CONICAL TYPE STRUCTURE! DESCRIPTIVE WORDS USED TO DESCRIBE THIS STRUCTURE "CYLINDER" "CONICAL" "CYLINDER" "CIRCULAR CONE" "CONICAL STRUCTURE" OB2 "THERE WERE TWO REALLY STRIKING FEATUR THERE WAS THE TALL STEEPLE ... AND THE CHAPEL BENEATH." DESCRIPTIVE WORDS USED TO DESCRIBE THE STEEPLE "TALL STEEPLE" "CYLINDER" "CYLINDER SHAPES" "CIRCULAR SHAPES" "CYLINDRICAL TOWER" NOTE: The descriptive words appear in the order in v@ they were recorded by each outbound experim The overall impression of the steeple is yellow, yellow-white glass (ad.]. UNCLASSIFIED L01 LA-5309-4 FIGURE 6 SUBJECT G1's LARGEST AND MOST PROMINENT SKETCH COMPARED WITH DEBRIEFING COMMENTS BY OUTBOUND EXPERIMENTERS (U) 24 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED that would give another means of comparison (in addition to verbal reports and later photographic records). C. Selected Comments for a Comparison of the Time Sequence Reported at the Site with That Reported by the Subject As mentioned above, the protocol called for outbound experimenters to make notes during the experiment and to use them to debrief into a tape recorder just after the experiment. This resulted in a record of the sequence in which events at the site took place, and allows that sequence to be compared with the comments put on tape by the subject during the experiment. This comparison is given in the following: Subject The following is the time sequence taken from the tape recordings made by Subject GI during the experiment and during the post- experiment debriefing: GI: "...looking up to the blue was looking up at somethin,- ?I Looking down...I'm seeing down looking at something, sky. Looks like she (Obl) that caught her eye." the ground... she's squatting or kneeling down." ff Like its a something swirled with... almost like some- thing swirled with straight tenacles extending from it ... swirling thing... it "I get the feeling it's outdoors., but they're protected in someway from sunlight ... it's just a shade." "A hillside .... This hill is off..." if Fuzzy things ... it moved, it didn't stay still. If you took a photograph sometime later, it would be gone and moved. There's some movement." "Something roundish, like they were moving like that. it Not your average pole...it looks like that pole was metal, like an extruded pipe. It has lines that are marked... I' Outbound Experimenters The following is the actual time sequence at the site taken from tape recordings made during the post-experiment debriefing period by Ob2 and Obl. Obl: "The first thing we did was to walk across ... lawn... stand by the chapel tower, look at the... glass in it... the tall steeple on the chapel that reached out to the blue sky." 25 Approved For ReleaselJoKLA55JA94A R000200270001-7 Approved For RM e 1,15- RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 E S S M1 E D The lawn felt cool .... I felt it with my hand." Put my hand in the water sprinkler that was on the lawn... felt very much like rain on my arm." Giant trees everywhere. Approximately halfway through our time period, we walked... over to a pond. I saw two beautiful ... dragon flies, flying together back and forth across the lilly pond. The pond is oval in shape." 11 1 noticed that there were little circles ever widening outward caused by the movement of the fish. Circles., circles, circles going outward." 11 We went back by the chapel, ObI went over and hugged one of the giant columns that holds the roof up. Looked like cement." Obl: "The main intense feature that one sees is a cylinder that's conical type structure above the church." V? We saw two sprinklers going in the first part of the experiment, one twirling around, the other was spraying out a cone shaped spray." it We walked over to a.-rather large lilly pad (pond) that was essentially oval in shape. Ob2 noticed two red dragon flies flying over... and I saw..." T1 I threw a mud clod into the water, watched the circles go out...more pebbles in the water, I noticed the circles that they made and how they went out. Ob2 was doing the same thing." Y...the last minute ... back to the church...put my arms around one of the cement pillars and hugged it ... had been wrapped with some kind of thing in *hich the concrete was poured..." ff About 11 minutes into the experiment, I was noticing... many trees around ...... These selected quotes indicate that the subject's time sequence was very similar to that occurring at the site. This type of time-sequence comparison has possibilities for studying psi functioning. D. Tracking Persons Unknown to Subject (Abstract Targeting) As part of the local remote viewing experiments (distances less than 10 km), we performed two experiments using a new technique that we refer to as abstract targeting. Instead of sending a person., known to 26 Approved ForVelleg kAg I F49EQP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 26jje@ $[A41kP_Vf EbROO0200270001-7 #-% fto 1b.0 I the subject, to the remote site to be viewed via the remote viewing channel, we provided the subject only with the driver's license of a person unknown to the subject. Admittedly, such an experiment seems without basis in logic (at least with regard to the present scientific paradigm). However., it has some basis in the anecdotal literature of spontaneous psychoenergetic functioning when, for example, a kidnap victim is found on the basis of the victim's belongings being used to assist targeting. With regard to research in psychoenergetics in general, the possibility of success in such an experiment also is in accord with the observed goal-oriented nature of the "laws" that appear to govern such functioning. * In the -two experiments carried out under this abstract targe-ting protocol, excellent results were obtainedY comparable to those obtained under the standard protocol in which a person known to the subject is used as a target. In the first experiment, the subject correctly de- scribed the outbound experimenter as sitting quietly in an enclosed shell-like structure, and the results of the second experiment are shown in Figure 7. Thus., the two-experiment pilot effort in this form of abstract targeting, carried out under controlled laboratory conditions,, tends to substantiate the results observed in field investigations associated with forensic work. Rather than follow through with more experimentation in this vein., the emphasis with regard to abstract targeting work was shifted to geographical coordinates, a potentially more useful targeting procedure, described later in Section VI. E. Alphabet Experiments When targets are chosen from a limited pool that is known to the subject., he will tend to guess at the target, rather than use his The possibility that such goal orientation may find support in modern physical theory has been argued by information-theorist 0. Costa de Beauregard of the Poincare Institute in France.14 27 Approved For Release 2U NIA;@AUV6197Q R000200270001-7 Approved For Releas 5 CIA-RDP96-00791ROO0200270001-7 VF42CH A S S I F I E D V1 11 Valli .S1 LA-654D83-33 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 7 PALO ALTO BOWLING GREEN, AND DRAWING BY SUBJECT H1. Subject's task was to locate unknown target person, given only his driver's license. Subject correctly described fenced-in area with road leading to ornamental iron gate, building at right, and depressed area at left (however, it is covered with grass, not water; ed). A railroad-tie barrier, not shown in photograph, is located where subject has indicated a wooden wall. (U) 28 Approved For Re1UNC;L&$ .5J4F-FkrW- 0-00791 R000200270001-7 PALO ALTO BOWLING GREEN Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED remote-viewing capability. Thus it is well known in psychoenergetics research that "guessing a number from one to ten" is a more difficult task than, for example, describing a remote scene chosen from an infinitude of possible locations. This latter task, termed a free- response task, prevents the subject from attempting to match his pre-- conception of possible targets, with his actual, though perhaps vague., perception. The problem in the forced-choice matching experiments) as opposed to the free-response task, is that the subject's stored mental images are available to him from his memory, and constitute an important source of "noise" in the remote-viewing channel. 1. Twenty-Trial Tests with Two SubJects In an eff;ort to determine whether the forced-choice noise problem could be overcome with experienced subjects,, we carried out a series of twenty I'letter guessing" experiments as the first part of a pilot study. Subjects H1 and Il were located in their respective homes in Los Angeles and New York City, while the targets were posted daily, one per day, in a laboratory at SRI in Menlo Park, California. Both subjects submitted their- lists of twenty letters. The results were not found to depart from chance expectation. 2. Remote Viewing of Alphabet Letters A second pilot study alphabet experiment was then carried out with an inexperienced subject., SIJ who had been especially chosen for this task because the subject reported frequently "reading things" during dreams, a relatively infrequent occurrence that we hypothesized may be an indicator of a natural talent for remote viewing. In these experiments the subject was told to consider alphabet reading to be the same as remote viewing; that is., rather than try to guess what the letter was, Subject S1 was asked to ignore the fact that the target was a letter and to describe it as though it was a more general remote-viewing target. S1 was asked to make a drawing and to describe it in a non-analytic fashion. Someone else would then look at 29 Approved For RelealWgLl4$$-kE4c-E-9791ROO0200270001-7 Approved For RtYff1ft3fi_VS:1"W6-00791 R000200270001-7 ff_% #W# the drawings and description and make the final assessment as to what the target letter was. S1 was specifically instructed not to guess the letter. The experiments were carried out between nonadjacent labs at SRI to provide sufficient sensory isolation between subject and target to eliminate spurious information channels. The target letters were determined by use of a Texas Instruments SR-51 random number generator. In the first experiment the subject submitted a number of drawings, including what looked like a series of J's,, forward and back- ward., with heavy markings at the bottom. The subject's final words on the associated tape recording made during the session were that "...it could be a T' but I don't think so." Nonetheless, experimenter Puthoff, who was given the subject-generated data on a blind basis, correctly identified the target letter as a "U" on the basis of all the data taken together. The following day described a letter "with an like a whole stack of Vs." Again, on a blind basis, experimenter target letter as a V. a second experiment was done. Subject S1 acute angle ... as though there is a trench... The subject drew a pile of overlapping V's. Puthoff correctly identified the In a series of three experiments with subject H1, one of three target letters was similarly identified. Thus., in this pilot experiment utilizing a free-response as opposed to a forced-choic :e protocol, three letters out of a total of five trials were identified. The, probability of such an occurrence by chance is less than one in 1500 (p = 5.37 X 10-4 ). This suggests that the way to increase the analytical capability to include written material is to arrange to separate 'the perception from the analysis, to encourage the subject to describe only his or her perceptions, and to follow up by having a different person do the final analysis on a blind basis. 3. Machine-Generated Targets with Feedback Based on the results of the two-part pilot study, a third type of alphabet experiment was pursued utilizing a totally automated 30 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release J,.4tTfrI?76 R000200270001-7 experimental setup. The subject was asked to approach the task as a remote-viewing experiment with emphasis on form and shape, with analysis to play a role only when finally a letter choice had to be made. Each of the 26 letters of the alphabet was made into a 35-mm slide so that when back-illuminated by a white light it becomes a target consisting of a black letter against a white background. These slides are used in conjunction with a random-number-generator-triggered light panel that can hold four slides, of which one at a time is backlit in a random fashion. This panel is located in a laboratory remote from the subject. An identical panel with pushbuttons for subject choice is mounted in the subject room. On the subject panel the correct target slide is not lit until the subject makes his choice, at which time he is given feedback.; (The random-number generator machine has four@stable internal states,, corresponding to each of the four letters. A 1.0-MHz square-wave oscillator sends pulses to an electronic "scale-of-four" counter that passes through each of its four states 250,000 times per second. The state of the counter is determined by the length of time the oscillator has run--that is, the time between subject choices.) As soon as the subject indicates his choice, the target slide on his panel is illuminated to provide visual and'Auditory (bell if correct) feedback as to the correctness or incorrectness of his choice. Until that time, both subject (and experimenter in the subject location) remain ignorant of the machine's choice,, so the experiment is of the double-blind type. Five encouraging phrases at the top of the machine face are illuminated one at a time with increasing correct choices (6, 8, 10, ...) to provide additional reinforcement. After trial number 25, the machine must be reset manually by depressing a RESET button. A methodological feature of the machine is that the choice of a target is not forced. That is, a subject may press a PASS button when he wishes not to guess, in which case the machine indicates what its choice was. The machine thus scores neither a hit nor a trial-and then goes on to make its next selection. Thus, the subject does not have to guess at targets when he feels that he has no idea as to which to choose. 31 a I r Approved For Release POW1 k ANCIEVVIER1 R000200270001-7 Approved For R I 5SS WIM6-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCUA In a study to determine whether this approach was likely to be useful, a series of four four-letter experiments were carried out with Subject Il. The results., shown in Table 1, provide evidence for alphabet reading at a statistically significant level. The overall probability of obtaining the number of correct guesses by chance exhibited in this series is less than one in 10 5 (i.e., p < 10-5 ).* Therefore, this technique could be pursued more extensively as a training routine for alphabet reading. Table I ALPHABET SERIES (P = 1/4 Random Selection) Number of Hits,, H. as Target Number of Compared Statistic, Probability, Experiment Letters Trials., n with Expect- t P e-d Number, 4 1 ABIO 200 64 = 50) 2.20 0.014 2 CDGQ 100 44 (@t = 25) 4.27 1.07 X 10-5 3 EHLT 100 31 = 25) 1.27 0.102 4 KWYZ 100 28 = 25) 0.58 0.28 Total 500 167 = 125) 4.29, < 10-5 Under the null hypothesis of random binomial choices with probability 1/4 and no learning, the probability of observing @@t k successes in n trials is obtained by table lookup of the probability of a normal dis- tribution value t @@t k /(3n/16) 1/2 4 2) It f-s therefore possible to examine a run of alphabet trials and determine whether the letters are correctly identified significantly more often than expected by chance. 32 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED The observation that alphabet reading is a more difficult task than site description is compatible with the hypothesis that psycho- energetic functioning may involve specialization that is characteristic of the brain's right hemisphere, which predominates in spatial and other holistic processing, in contrast to the left hemisphere which predominates in verbal and other analytical functioning. 15-17 Nonetheless, the results obtained in the remote-viewing and machine approaches to reading remote alphabet characters do indicate a potential for developing acceptable levels of reliability in reading text for operational purposes. Further study is required to determine whether this reliability can be achieved with a reasonable effort. 33 Approved For ReleaseJANCLASF&MI(E-D R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 203/Q5LII.X%P§[Qr--V76R000200270001-7 NC F1 V LONG-DISTANCE REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENTS A. General Previous SRI work had established a data base of over 50 remote- viewing experiments with local targets (sites within a few kilometers). 20 As part of the program described herein we undertook a series of five experiments designed to determine whether an increase in subject-target separation to transcontinental distances would degrade the quality or accuracy of perception. A major motivation for this effort was the desire to begin to accumulate data to examine the Soviet hypothesis that remote viewing is mediated by extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromag- netic waves. Under this hypothesis, one would expect a degradation in accuracy as the subject-target distance is increased to several thousand kilometers; it is claimed that the Soviet data indicate this degradation. 6-9 As a secondary goall we were interested in the real-time data rate-- e.g., determining the extent to which a remote-viewing subject can track the real-time activities and movements of a known individual in a distant city. Therefore, the subjects were encouraged to describe real-time activity during the viewing period. The methodology with regard to target selection was identical to that described in Section IV-B. That is, targets were determined either by random-number generator entry into a previously prepared target list unknown to subject and experimenters with the subjectY or on the basis of site selection by a sponsor representative. An interesting additional technique that was employed successfully in the first two of the five experiments was the use of the DARPA com- puter teleconferencing network for post-experiment feedback. Access to the computer by the traveling experimenter was by means of a portable terminal. The use of the teleconferencing service allows a subject in one state (e.g., California) to communicate with an experimenter in 35 Approved For ReleaseYON19104-W-A P91 R000200270001-7 Approved For Rel umetws WIM-00791 R000200270001-7 another state--say, New York. The conversational TALK mode available on the DARPA net was used for this purpose in the following manner. The subject at SRI and the experimenter on the east coast agreed (via computer teleconferencing) to begin an experiment in one-half hour. The purpose of the computer in this experiment was to provide time- and date-stamped permanent records of all communications between the various parties involved in the experiment. These data can be read in real time by any authorized person entering the SRI-AI Tenex (MSG) system--for example., the sponsor's technical representative. After logging off the computer, the outbound experimenter would use a random-number generator to determine which of six locations in the target area would constitute the target to be visited in this experiment. Neither the subject nor the experimenter at SRI knew the contents of the target list, compiled after logging off. Having selected a target location by the random protocol,, the outbound experimenter would proceed directly to the site and remain tbore for 15 minutes. At the previously agreed-upon start time (one-half hour after breaking computer links) the subject would begin to type impressions into a special computer file established for this purpose. When the outbound experimenter returned from the target site to his hotel, he would make use of a limited-access file to enter his descrip- tion of the place he actually visited. He would then.,return to the executive level of the computer, and await the appearance of the SRI experimenters and subject who could then (and only then) link the New York and Menlo Park terminals. At that time both files would be printed out on both terminals (and at a third location if desired--for examplel at the sponsor facility), and the subject and the outbound experimenter would each learn what the other had written. B. -Menlo Park to New York City (Grant's Tomb) Two subjects, S1 and Gl., both in California, participated simul- taneously in this experiment at Grant's Tomb., which was the first of two New York City targets. Both subjects independently provided 36 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2Vrift WIMMM 000200270001-7 computer-stored records of their impressions,, and one made the sketch shown in Figure 8. (The five possible targets in addition to Grant's Tomb were a railroad bridge, the 20-story New York University law library, the fountain in Washington Square Park, the Columbia University subway station, and the 72nd Street boat basin. The targets were chosen to be dissimilar, and thus differentiable, by potential judges.) Subject Gl., an SRI systems analyst., said in his opening paragraph: it Outdoors, large open area, standing on and then off asphalt (rough material), dark for a path. A white building, like a ticket booth. Wooden structure, is white in color, and has an arched look about it. 11 There is a large shade tree close to Russ (outbound experimenter) . Subject _Sl., closeted in a separate SRI location, began with: I thought of a high Place with a view." The subject continued with "I saw a tree on your left in a brick plaza--it seemed to be in front of a building you were entering." Later , I could not clearly identify the activity. A restaurant? A museum? A bookstore?" And , You were looking at coins in the palm of your hand, maybe giving some to Nicky (son of outbound experimenter)." (For the complete transcriptY see Figure 9.) The coins were in fact used to purchase the postcard from which Figure 8 was made, and they were given to the experimenter's son who made the purchase. Both subjects then went on for an additional para- graph to describe details of the activities they imagined to be going on inside the building they saw, details that were partly correct, partly incorrect. C. Menlo Park to New York City (Washington Square Fountain) In the second experiment, the target, again chosen by random pro- tocol, was the fountain in Washington Square Park. One subject, S11 participated. The subject produced an exceptionally accurate transcript. The photos and the subject's drawing of the fountain are shown in Fig- ure 10. The subject began his printout with the following: "The first image I got at about the first minute was of a cement depression--as if 37 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For ReleLnf C4p5fi-% qtJfEDP0791 R000200270001-7 N. 8-% ftf SUBJECT DESCRIBED: "OUTDOORS, LARGE OPEN AREA.... SHADE TREES.... WHITE BUILDING WITH ARCHES." SA-5309-7 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 8 GRANT's TOMB, USED AS TARGET IN COAST-TO-COAST REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENT, 2 JULY 1976. Subject described: "Outdoors, large open area ... shade trees ... white building with arches." (U) 38 U eNol;@Offi §11F eas -R -00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Rel 11W GRANT'S TOMB TARGET Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED MSG -- VERSION OF 1 APRIL 1976 TYPE'?' FOR HELPj ? # FOR NEWS LAST READ: 2-JUL-76 12:09:34; 7 MSGSP 2 DISK PAGES* TYPE 6:7 (MSG* # 6., 1678 CHARS) bATE:' 2 JUL,L976 1126-PDT FROM: TARG SUBJECT: SI'S REPORT TO: TARG RUSSEL - I THOUGHT OF A HIGH PLACE **VIEWING I SAW A TREE ON YOUR LEFT IN A BRICK PLAZA IT SEEMED WITH A VIEW - DETAILS INCLUDED 3 MI TO BE IN FRONT OF A WRONG BUTTON - BUILIDING YOU WERE ENTERING - YOU WAITED AS IF FOR AN ELEVATOR AND READ SOMETHING 014 THE WALL YOU CAME OUT (OFF THE ELEVATOR) AND THERE WAS A ROOM ON YOUR LEFT WITH A VIEW - I COULD NOT CLEARLY IDENTIFY THE ACTIVITY - A RESTAURANT ? A MUSEUM? ABOOKSTORE? YOU LOOKED AT ASOMETHING A"CARVING OR MENU OR DIRECTIONS ON A POST BEFORE ENTERING - FROM THE ROOM I THOUGHT THERE WAS A VIEW OF A HARBOR OR WATER ABOUT 1/3 OF THE FRAWME - AT ONE TIME I HAD THE FEELING THAT YOU WERE LOOKING AT COINS IN THE PA4K OF YOUR HAND - MAYBE GIVING SOME TO NICKY - WHICH WERE THEN PUT IN A SLUT JUKEBOX? PINBALL?- ALSO THE SUFACE WITH SOMETHING VERTICAL ABOVE SOMETHING REFLECTING METAL PIPEX OF AN ORGAN (THE ONE I DIDN'T VIEW L.,),:!'r TIME OR OF ROTTLRES AGAINST A MIRROR - SOMETHING REFLECTING - THEN DAVID SNAPPED HIS FINGERS - I SA14 A BASKETBALL'-VERY CLEAR TACTILE SENSATION FRON A SOILXIEWHAT TEXTURED GLOBE ALSO.P ON ANOTHER SNAP - THE COLOR RED NOT SHARPLY DEFINED LIQUID OR FLOWING MATERIAL OR NICKY RAGING AROUND IN A RED SHOIRT ANOTHER SNAP AND D ASKED FOR THE NAME OF THE PLAUCE - I-WAS THINKING "BAR" BUT I THREW THAT OUT AS OLD AND'SAW THE LETTERS "CH" WHICH I COMPLETED AS -IGHILE-1 OR --CHILI-, -- ALSO ANOTHER SNAP AND THE NAME OF THE THIRRD PERSON JOE JOHN OR GERRY - IS IT GARY? - ARUSSELL I S THAT YOU?HIo THAT WAS S1 AND WE **THE 'IMSGII STILLo I'THINK THAT IT MAY ABORT! LA-5309-5 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 9 COMPUTER FILE PRINTOUT FROM CALIFORNIA-TO-NEW YORK LONG- DISTANCE REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENT -TARGET: GRANT's TOMB IN NEW YORK CITY (U) 39 Approved For ReleaseJANCuL.Af)&~F61(EIDR000200270001-7 "r 04 04 a) 9 LL > 2 CL CL < (n) 91-6 L k-inr 9 '-LN3WIU3dX3 E)NIM31A-31OW3U ISVOD-01-ISVOO N1 13DUVI SV (13sn 'AJ-10 NHOA M3N N1 3uvnOS NO-LDNIHSVM Ot RMEMA (331=jissvioNn B9-60CS-VS HO H31N30 3HI N1 ISOd IN3W30 V HIM - NIVINno-A AMG V =11 SV - NOlSS3Ud3G IN3W30,, V :10 SVM NOlId33U3d ISHIJ S,103rans .kiio Nuok M3N N1 3uvn'OS NO.LE)NIHSVM IV 139HVI HIM -LN3WIH3dX3 9NIM31A 3-LOiN3H ISVOO Ol ISVOO z CY 04 04 a) LL > 2 CL CL 96-00791 R Approved For Release 20URe C49KI F I E D 000200270001-7 a dry fountain with a cement post in the center or inside. There seemed to be pigeons off to the right, flying around the surface out of the depression.... At one point I thought you were opening a cellophane bag ...... (The experimenter had in fact bought ice cream during the experimental period.) "There was also a rectangular wooden frame.-a window frame,, but I wasn't sure if it was on a building, or a similar structure with a different purpose." (A possible correlation from a functional viewpoint to the Washington Square Arch through which the outbound experimenters viewed the fountain toward the end of the experi- mental period.) ' tAll in all I thought you were in Riverside Park...." (Incorrect analysis.) An SRI scientist, familiar with the New York City area but blind to the target, did, however, identify the target correctly on reading the twenty lines of printout as it emerged from the computer terminal. As an example of the style of narrative generated by a subject during a computer teleconferencing experimentl we include the entire unedited computer-logged text of the Washington Square experiment in Figure 11. These experiments provide an el.egant demonstration of the utility of the teleconferencing process as a secure data recording system to provide real-time monitoring of long-distance remote-viewing experiments. In a more detailed tape recording made after the experiment, but before any feedback, the subject described "cement steps going into the depression, like a stadium, and the rounded edge of the top of the depression as you go up to ground level." These descriptions are not only correct, but also show remarkable detail. D. Quantitative Analysis of New York City Target Transcripts In attempting to derive a quantitative estimate of the amount of valid data in a transcript., we have made a detailed analysis of the previous two transcripts generated by a single subject during the long- distance experiments between Menlo Park., Californial and New York City. 41 Approved For Release 29 N19@AUV619A R000200270001-7 Approved For Rel1qLkIbej0A1S.5"ff 000791 R000200270001-7 <- TYPE (MESSAGE SEQUENCE) 5 (MSG* 6s 1730 CHARS) DATE., 5 JUL 1976 1354-PDT FROM., TARG SU8JECT: SI's REDORT PART ? 14YC EX0 THE FIRST IMAGE I GIOT AT A,3OrJT THE FIRST MINUTE IjAq OF A CEMENT DEPRESSION - AS IF A DRY FOUIN)RTAIN - WITH 4 CEMENT 0097 IN THE CENTER OR INSIDE - THERE SEEMED TO iE PIGEONS OFF TO T$iE RIGHTA FLYING AROJNDTHE SURFACE OUT OF THE DEDRESSIUN. THEN I SA`4 AS IF IFIF IN THE DISTANCE A REAL't STADIUM WITH GRAS'; IN TqE CENTER ANI) PERHAPS STADIUM LIGHT(;. OTHER IM4GES 4ERE 4R014 OF HOUSES/AOICKET FENCE - SOME ;IERTICAL UNITS 141TH JAGGED TOOS- THEN A FLUTED/(39004ED 4ERTICAL COLUMN.- 3UT I COUL01VIT WAfiT IT 14AS RELATED TO. AC34IN YOU 4ERF Ik\J A DEPREqSE0 AREA WITH CEMENT SIDESj LOOKING OUT ONTO THE ;",JRpACF or UTSIDE. THE CEMENT SIDES ARE NOT STRAIGHT.# @3TJT SLOPING, ALMOST S-SH40RD. A L.S 0 A CLEAR FEELING OF THE HEAVYP I-IORN METAL 3AR ON THE TOP OF TYPICAL NYC OR ANYCITY FENCES- THERE OIDN'T ';EEM TO 3F_ ANYTHIN(i REALLY SPECIAL INSIDE, JUST A SEPARATION RETVEEN TEi4U TWO SIMILAR AREAS- AT ONE PUINTA -I- THOUGHT YOU WERE OPENING A CELLOPHANE 9AG AND LATEq I SENSED YOU FEEDING POPCORN - TO PIGEONS- THERE WAS ALSO A RECTANGULAR 400DEN FR4,4E, A 'WINDOW FRAMEA RUT I WAqNtT SURE IF IT @445; ON A ;3UILDINGt 0:3 A SIMILAR STRUCTURE WITH A DIFFERENT PUROOSE. ALL IN 4LLP I THOULiHT YOU 4ERE IN RIVERSIDE PARK NEAR A TRACK AND @3LAY AREA.P OCCASIONALLY LOOKING 7 U0 AT THE "ROCK AND LEAF" CLIFFS LEADING UP TO THE DRINIE. AFTER I HAD THOUGHT THAT AND FIT IT IN T 41TH THE IMAGES RECEI,IE') SO F41Rp IT KINO OF STUCi(@# 4NO I POqqI-3LY GENERATED MORE PARK SCFN@,q- THE ';TAi)I'J.4 /F0--Jiq TAIN IMAGE,; 4ERE THE FIRST (ANO THUS THE LE49T @ !3JIA5ED Ac; TO PARK MEMORIES. (I SURE 00 LIKR @I*HF, TLELETYPE- IT CAN 9ECOME AN 09SESSIiIE DAqTI14Ei I SEE). THAT VAS MESSAGE 15 UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-6 FIGURE 11 COMPUTER FILE PRINTOUT FROM CALIFORNIA-TO-NEW YORK LONG- DISTANCE REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENT- TARGET: WASHINGTON SQUARE IN NEW YORK CITY (U) 42 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2 11 1 %AcIRkP.T-f tUR000200270001-7 DNC ff@% #A# #A# I To carry out this analysis, each transcript typed by the subject into a computer file was edited to retain only declarative statements spontaneously generated by the subject, or responses to direct questions. These statements were collected in groups called concepts. For example, if the subject had five references to a condition that can be defined as shady, these would be combined in the concept "shady." We performed four comparative analyses on the concepts from the two transcripts: Transcript A with Site A; Transcript B with Site B; Transcript A with Site B; and Transcript B with Site A. Each concept was assigned a rating ranging from 0 to 10, depending on the analyst's subjective impression as to whether the concept had no correspondence (a rank of 0) or complete correspondence (a rank of 10) with the target. -1ching was to serve as a crude measure of chance o The cross-ma r gener- alized correspondences. For the Grant's Tomb target site, there were 21 distinct concepts with a mean score of 6.4 ± 4.3; for the Washington Square site there were 16 concepts with a mean score of 6.8 ± 2.7. The individual cross matches were as follows: Grant's Tomb'transcript to Washington Square had a mean score of 3.6 ± 4.3. and the Washington Square transcript matched against Grant's Tomb yielded a mean score of 3.8 ± 3.8. Table 2 shows the detailed analysis for the Grant's Tomb experiment. For each of the 21 concepts (all that were found) we display a summary of the concept., the target correspondence and its related score, and the cor- respondence with the control target., Washington Square, and its related score. Table 3 shows the same data for the Washington Square site and its control target., Grant's Tomb. The combined score for the direct matches is 6.6 ± 5.1, and for the cross matches is 3.7 ± 5.7. where the means are calculated by direct average and the standard deviation is computed from the square root of the sum of squares of the deviations from the mean scores. We observe large variances,, which are expected in any subjective analysis of -verbal text. The difference in the means., although not statistically signi- ficant., is consistent with earlier qualitative assessments of transcript 43 Approved For Release 214, INA; @AUKAPIIR000200270001-7 Table 2 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GRANT'S TOMB TRANSCRIPT C Subject's Description (Quotes) Correspondence (0-10) Cross-Correspondence to Washington Square (0-10) 1. 1 thought of a high place with a view Bluff overlooking river 10 Standing in a depression 0 2. 1 saw a tree on your left Lots of trees 10 Nearby trees 8 3. In a brick plaza Plaza looks like brick 8 Plaza looks like brick 8 4. Building you were entering Entered tomb building 10 No buildings 0 5. Read something on the wall Read informative plaque 10 No walls, no reading 0 6. Came off the elevator No elevator 0 No elevator 0 7. A restaurant? None 0 None 0 8. A museum? It is a museum 10 None 0 9. A bookstore? Books and cards are sold 10 None 0 10. A carving, menu or directions on a post Bronze plaque at entry 8 None 0 11. The room has a view Room looks down on @ombs thirty No room 0 feet below 7 12. View of harbor or water View of river 9 Large operating fountain 9 13. Coins in your hand Used to buy cards 10 Used to buy ice cream 10 14. Gave some coins to Nicky (son) He bought cards 10 Doesn't apply 15. Nicky put them into a slot No slot 0 Doe@sn't apply 16. Reflecting metal pipes Could be columns 6 Metal pipes in fountain 6 17. Bottles against a mirror None 0 None 0 18. Something reflecting Marble and glass doors 6 Water in fountain 6 19. Basketball or textured globe None 0 Glass globes around fountain 8 20. Nicky in red shirt Correct 10 Doesn't apply 21. Liquid or flowing material None 0 Water in fountain 10 Mean 6.4 ± 4.3 Mean 3.6 ± 4.3 Subject knew Nicky was in New York with experimenter. > 0 < M CL -n 0 0 4 (D 0 0 0 h3 0 0 h3 4 0 0 0 Table 3 > 0 < M CL -n 0 M U) M h3 ot .1. ab h3 0 0 h3 4 0 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE WASHINGTON SQUARE TRANSCRIPT Subject Description (Quotes) Correspondences (0-10) Cross-Correspondence to Grant's Tomb (0-10) 1. Cement depression We were in a cement depression 10 Tombs are in marble depression 10 2. A dry fountain Operating fountain 8 None 0 3. Cement post in the center Cement post plus large pipe 71 Tombs in center 2 4. Pigeons off to the right Pigeons were in the park nearby 8 No pigeons 0 5. Stadium with grass and lights Scale factor 3 Scale factor 3 6. Rows of houses, picket fence Houses with iron fences 9 None 0 7. Vertical units with jagged tops Arch supports perhaps 3 Columns in front of building 10 8. Fluted grooved white columns Side of arch supports 6 Columns in front of building 10 9. You are in depressed area with Exactly 10 Tomb is in a depressed area 3 cement sides 10. Sides are sloping almost S- Exactly 10 Somewhat curved at top 3 shaped 1, 11. Heavy worn metal Copper posts in fountain 7 Marble railing 3 12. A separation between two In and out of fountain 6 Above and below in tomb area 7 different areas 13. You were opening a cellophane bag Yes 10 No 0 14. You were feeding popcorn to Others were 3 No pigeons 0 igeons p 15. Rectangular wooden frame... on a Could be the arch 5 Rectangular building 3 building 16. Riverside park, tracks and play Play area nearby 3 Tomb is in Riverside Park 7 area rM-an 6.8 2.7 Mean 3.8 3.8 0 < M CL 0 M U) M h3 0 vl@ Mir. rrg h3 0 0 h3 -4 0 0 Approved For Relmz1qqWJ0-41 t. SlfMEff 0791 R000200270001-7 U %, LA accuracy of nearly 100 transcripts. From these means we would estimate that approximately 66% of this one subject's response is an accurate description of the target site, whereas if the data are matched against other target sites., only 37% of the response would typically apply. Although crude, this analysis strongly suggests a method for further single transcript analysis to be carried out by professional linguists. Such analysis will be used in our continuing program. There are two possible interpretations to the statement that - 66% of the transcript is correct. One is that 66% of each concept is correct; the other is that 667o of the concepts are individually completely correct. We lean toward the latter interpretation, since if the trans- cripts achieved their 66% reliability from partial accuracy of each con- cept, we would find a much smaller deviation from the mean than we observe. In fact the large deviations from the mean indicate a wide variance in accuracy of individual concepts. Therefore, the high accuracy of the transcript as a whole is derived essentially from a series of individual concepts that are themselves substantially correct. E. New York City to Ohio (Ohio Caves); Under Sponsor Control A third long-distance remote-viewing experiment was carried out under the control of the sponsor's technical representative. In this case, both SRI experimenters, while visiting in Ohio, agreed to take part--in a remote-viewing experiment in which the contract-monitor would select the target. Under the observation of our contract monitor, we telephoned Sub- ject HI in New York City and obtained the subject's agreement to parti- cipate in a long-distance remote viewing experiment. The subject was told only that we were located somewhere between New York City and our California laboratory and that shortly we would be taken to a target that we would like to have described. The time for the experiment was set for 2:00 PM EDT. We also agreed to call again at 3:00 PM EDT to obtain Subject HI's impressions and to provide feedback as to the actual target. 46 UNCLASS Approved For Release 2003/05F15 - [FAIAR6-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release JyiqrA1tAltWJryR000200270001-7 C The contract monitor took us directly to the Ohio Caverns at Springfield, Ohio, which he had chosen as the target location (see Figure 12). We entered the grounds through an entrance arch., that opens onto an enormous expanse of lawn, perhaps 20 acres. The caves are located at a depth of,-- 150 ft and are entered through a small building having a long flight of steep stairs. Once underground, we walked through a maze of rock-lined tunnels that lead eventually into a series of rooms lined with calcite stalactites and stalagmites, frosty white and beige crystals formed like icicles. The entire cavern is illuminated by small electric light bulbs attached to the walls. After a 45-minute walk, we exited the caves through a large metal door giving access to a square cross-sectional shaft with stairs leading to the surface. Following the,.experimental period, the sponsor observer called the subject in New York, 45 minutes after we left the caves. The opening statements of the subject's transcript as dictated over the phone and posted to the SRI experimenters is as follows: 11 1:50 PM before starting.... Flat semi-industrial countryside with mountain range in background and something to do with underground caves or mines or deep shafts ... half man made half natural ... some electric humming going on... throbbing, inner throbbing, Nuclear or some very far out and possibly secret installation ... corridor...mazes of them-whole under- ground city almost .... Don't like it at all ... long for out- doors and nature. 2:00 PM... (Experimenters) R and H walking along sunny road... entering into arbor-like shaft ... again looks like man helped nature ... vines (wisteria) growing in arch at entrance like to a wine cellar..,leading into underground world. Darker earth--smelling cool moist passage with something grey and of interest on left of them ... musty ... sudden change to bank of elevators ... a very man-made steel wall ... and shaft- like inverted silo going deep below earth ... brightly lit...." Subject HI concludes with 11 1 see a lot of gold and metal and silver-gold glow all over ... not much sound... very silent factory... scary... few people ... very special." As is often the caseY one observes that the basic gestalt of the target site is cognized and even experienced--e.g., the underground caves 47 Approved For Release WUNK57-1 A95AMP1 R000200270001-7 (n) ,*saBessLd 6uillaws-ql-jea isiow 'loo3 'jaliep ... silei4s daap ... SBU!W JO SGAeO punoi5japun- 'se IJOA mON ul ioafqnS Aq paqljosaCj '-LN3VYlH3dX3 E)NIM31A-3.LOIN38 33NVJLSlG-9NO-1 NI 139HVI SV 03sn 'SBAVO OIHO U 3ungi-4 1%- 04 0 0 04 LL 'D a) > 0 CL CL 04 0 0 04 0 LL 'D a) > 0 CL CL L-60CS-V'l Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED aspectl while specifics are misinterpreted--e.g., the labeling of the location as a nuclear installation. A second less experienced subject (GI) working by himself at SRI, who had agreed in advance to participate in the same experiment by date and time., was less successful with the cavern target. This subject- erroneously interpreted early impressions as associated with a museum. As a result the majority of his transcript., although containing some correct elements., reflects primarily an incorrect analytical interpre- tation and cannot be said to constitute evidence for paranormal functioning. F. New Orleans to Palo Alto (Northern California Bank Plaza) Two experiments carried out between New Orleans and Menlo Park, California, constitute the final tests of the long-distance series., five experiments of which have been completed to date (all reported here). These last two were carried out with the two subjects who had participated in the first two California-to-New York experiments. The first experiment in this series involved Subject S1 in New Orleans viewing activities of a group--of three people known to the sub- jectY at a location in the Palo Alto/Menlo Park area 2000 miles away. The subject's principal impression was of an "overhang of a building over their heads... also a round gold rim around a sunken depression. The target, a bank building is shown in Figure 13. Principal features of the target include a dramatic building overhang, and a rectangular concrete depression with a fountain in which the water comes out of a circular gold rim. The subject also reported "some kind of fake china flowers mushrooming out of the depression." There were four orange lamps mounted on the gold rim. Finally, S1 reported ',there was a pro- jectile coming toward (one of the outbound experimenters). Like a ball or frisbeel as if Obl (another experimenter) has tossed him a ball."' Actually the experimenters had found a paper airplane lying on the ground and had thrown it back and forth several times. In fact,, the photo of the site taken at the time of the experiment shows the airplane between 51 Approved For Releas"KG/64rSW&E&1 R000200270001-7 04 04 a) 4L 7A 0 U- > 0 (n) ('aueldiie jaded e sem ii) ,-Ileq e wiq possoi tqo p sV -9aqspI jo 11eq L, 9@!I '91!13a[o-jd e jo pull 9woS *(joluawijefte iaqlo) piemoi 6uiwo3 al! looloid e Sem ajoq-L,, lpes 33afqns aLp idIJ3SUBJI OqI Ul Jale-1 ,*ooeuns aqi jo ino Buiwoojqsnw eaji !esuoq e a)I!I s,11 *sjamoll euiq3 oJej 10 pull aujos sl giat4l uoissajdap aql Io @3epns aql ul .... uoissaidep ualuns e punoie wij ploB punoi V, losiv ...... SpeGq J1941 JDAO Buippq e jo BueqJaAO BLIJ_,, :paq!j3sap 13efqnS IS -Lo3rens kg S3Ho-L3>IS (]NV '9L6t U380100 OC '011V OIVd 01 SNV3180 M3N IN3WI83dX3 !DNIM31A-31OW38 NI (]3snl3!DUVI CL 3un9i=I z-z8(IV99-v-l (131:JISSV-IONn C'I 04 a) 9 LLak I^. U- > 0 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED them. This is one of the few times that a remote viewing subject has perceived rapid motion at the target site. G. Menlo Park to New Orleans (Louisiana Superdome) For the final experiment (subject.in Menlo Park) it was agreed-that at 1200 CST on a particular day, the outbound experimenter would choose a target location in his city by random protocol and remain there for the required 15 minutes. During this time, SubjectGI in Menlo Park would tape-record impressions and make any drawings that seemed appro- priate. (The DARPA net was not available because of computer net malfunction.) The target chosen by randomized entry into a New Orleans guide book list was the @ouisiana Superdome. The outbound experimenter tape- recorded the following description as he looked at the building: "It is a bright sunshiny day. In front of me is a huge silvery building with a white dome gleaming in the sun. It is a circular building with metal sides. It looks like nothing so much as a flying saucer. The target is in fact the 80,000-seat Louisiana Superdome stadium." The subject in Menlo Park described the target as "a large circular building with a white dome." The subject also expressed feelings of wanting to reject what he saw because the dome looked "like a flying saucer in the middle of a city." Some appreciation for this perception can be obtained from Figure 14 in which the target is shown., together with the sketches that the subject made. H. Content Analysis of a Long-Distance Remote-Viewing Transcript (Louisiana Superdome) The transcript generated during the Superdome experiment was sub- jected to the same type of qualitative analysis as the earlier local target transcript (see Section IV-C-2). A statement-by-statement comparison between the transcript and associated aspects of the target is given in the following: 53 Approved For ReleaseJANCLASSWJEQR000200270001-7 Approved For Release - 2003/05/15 . §lffff 0791 R000200270001-7 UNCLAS -4- A-4 0 TS 1,b C LA-5309-1 UNCLASSIFIED FIGURE 14 LOUISIANA SUPERDOME, USED AS TARGET IN LONG-DISTANCE REMOTE- VIEWING EXPERIMENT FROM SRI, MENLO PARK, AND DRAWINGS BY SUBJECT G1, 31 OCTOBER 1976. Subject described a large circular building with a white dome. (U) 54 Approved For ReILLNIC"$-*%[fUU00791ROO0200270001-7 Approved For Release JMef 4lt91=Trb1 R000200270001-7 51F GI: ti Inside a domed area... like a dome." (The subject drew five sketches of a circular building, and marked the center of one, dome".) tr Site: Outbound experimenter , All I have in view here is this huge dome-shaped building.... In front of me is the incredible silvery white Superdome Stadium that seats 80,000 people with a covered white dome." Gl: 11 It's like a ceiling... I have the idea of greyness ... like grey." (On one of his sketches GI drew a curved, arched It ceiling" and beside it wrote, "grey color association.") Site: 17 The ceiling is dark grey," according to Louis J. Kaposta, the Advertising and Public Relations Director for the Superdome. Gl: it Inside... it's fairly well lit. But it's not a yellow light like you'd get from (incandescent) lights." Site: Dome--lighting includes: mercury lamps (blue, floodlights@, tungsten-Llogen lamps, fluorescent lamps and globe lamps. It It's quite well lit at the top, inside." (Kaposta) Gl: it It's like maybe sunlight or a cloudy day with sunlight coming through the roof.... "Like its transluscent. When you look up you can see light but you can't see images through it." Site: it It's quite well lit (in the dome)," according to Kaposta. It However, he reports , It's solid" (i.e., there's no transluscence). Gl: 11 1 don't see the bright colors, or stained glass windows or anything like that." Site: Photos show no windows in the dome structure. The outside is silvery white, according to the outbound experimenter. GI: "I'm getting the feeling of circles, of rings ... inside, looking down. Like there's seats." (Gl drew an aerial sketch of seats.) Site: Diagrams of the seating show a basically circular pattern. Gl: "And cement here." (GI drew "cement" walkways on an aerial sketch he made of entryways into a circular building.) Site: Walkways into the Superdome are cement. Gl: "There's grass here... there's grass out the back here.... There's a lot of grass." (On two sketches, GI wrote "grass.") Site: It There is a grass lawn adjacent to us which is our property. We may make it a park next door." (Kaposta) 55 Approved For Release 2YONI @1 @ M-WAR1 R000200270001-7 Approved For Relaa&140,ffXt§IfMV0791ROO0200270001-7 U Gl: it Parking lot.... There's a parking lot here." (G1 drew two sketches with large areas he labeled "parking lot.") Site: Photos show a large parking area. Gl: ti Ok. looking up, there's a freeway that's close by.... It's a wide road or freeway. It's a freeway here." (Gl drew a roadway that he labeled "Freeway.") Site: T1 Interstate 10 goes right by the Superdome." (Kaposta) The Louisiana Superdome Newsletter for July 15, 1975, states, it The Interstate highway cutting through the downtown area passes right by the Superdome., making it easily accessible from all parts of the city." Gl: T? They have blown insulation around it...toward the top." Site: it They sprayed an insulating material. It was blown on, on top rather than underneath. In this case it was done on the outside on sheet metal. That insulation is about three quarters of an inch thick. Then on top of that they sprayed a plastic waterproof substance. (Kaposta) He also explained that the insulation is not visible., since it is covered over. GI: ff That's the thing that's-unique about it, it's designed for acoustics." Site: IfThe acoustics are outstanding because it is sound-proofed throughout." (Kaposta) Gl: 11 It's like an acoustic theater.... Like a concert hall, or something, a stage, something like that." Site: It The hall has facilities for a stage." (Kaposta) GI: IlThere's an openness about it, so it's large@'..like a dome." IlYes,, it was very large ... expansive in a building-." (On his first sketch, GI drew an arrow pointing up into the It arched structure he'd drawn, and he wrote, large open space.") Site: Superdome General Reference Article, March 1977--"This building, the largest clear span steel structure in the world...is literally held together by its roof." Also, this article refers to the Superdome as, The world's largest unobstructed room." Gl: ??It's fairly new. I think it was opened up last year" (i.e... 1975). Site: "It's still not complete. We took it as substantially complete August 1975." (Kaposta) 56 Approved For ReleYleigJA5 KIAE FRLUEPQ00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release r,"L&P-MM-fly R000200270001-7 UNC 51H GI: On a sketch of the building and parking area, G1 wrote, light poles." It Site: Superdome General Reference Article , In parking areas surrounding the Dome (there are) 400 and 1000-watt Metalarc lamps mounted on poles ranging from 20 to 40 feet." GI: "The ceiling with panes above him." Site: 11 The hall has one solid roof which is curved." (Kaposta) However, the Superdome General Reference Article states that the Dome's roof "is nothing more than a series of overlapping triangles building out from a ring in the center." Gl: ti Glass display cases. The glass cases, there were a couple of them. Not like in a row, there were a few. But Russ looked in the glass cases when he walked out." Site, Depending upon the building use, there may be glass display cases. Gl: Yes, rough surfaces on the top. There's also a waviness to the roof...like a dome. Above it is wavy. I don't know if that's a roof." Site: Kaposta said there is no waviness or roughness inside or out." But the photos Kaposta sent show there is a circular pattern on top of the outside of the dome that could be described (from an aerial side view) as bumps, waviness, or ridges. Gl: "I'm not certain of the size of the things like the arches. I know he saw arches but I don't know if they were the kind of big huge arches that would be expansive in a building. I don't think they were, they were smaller." Site: A photo and a pamphlet sent by Kaposta show pictures of a restaurant area with arches. They are far smaller than the expansive dome structure. It is well known that the subjective assessment of verbal data can at best only indicate trends., and not support definite conclusions. Therefore, although this analysis is qualitative in nature and may con- tain possible bias of the analysts, it appears to be consistent with the more quantitative analysis (Section V-D) carried out on two other targets from this same series. Taken overall., the results obtained in these five long-distance remote-viewing experiments are of roughly the same accuracy with regard 57 Approved For Release 2WA/4. 4AS-AAFOU 07MUI R000200270001-7 Approved For Rel--142,ffX§tiltfrff-00791ROO0200270001-7 U to site description as those obtained in local remote-viewing experiments. The descriptions not only contain correct information beyond that expected by chance., but also show remarkable detail and resolution. Furthermorel real-time activities are observed and correctly described in a number of instances. Although extensive data must be taken before a final conclu- sion can be reached., it appears at this point that there is little, if any, degradation in quality of perception as the subject-target distance is increased from a few' miles to trans-continental distances. The results obtained in the basis of viewing a New York site from SRI in Menlo Park, California, three thousand miles away, for example, are similar to those obtained in local remote-viewing experiments. Any theory of paranormal functioning put forward at this time should take this insensitivity to distance into account, and any application of paranormal functioning need not, to first order, consider distance as a barrier. 58 UN e Oq JA5 @SIFIED Approved For Releas : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/1-7 &GbAvRDPQ6-00791 R000200270001-7 -@ L. %wo 1%-L--T- TENTATIVE VI REMOTE VIEWING BY COORDINATES A. General One of the tasks identified in the work statement is to provide a basis for evaluating the remote-viewing capability and determining the probability that it is under development in the USSR as an advanced threat technique that could form the basis of future technological sur- prise. Thus., a significant part of this study is the evaluation of application feasibility using US capabilities in a modeled or simulated threat role.-- The assessme@t of application feasibility in a simulated threat role in this program takes the form of program subjects being asked to view sites chosen by the project's contract monitor as being sites of interest., such as US missile test bays,, Soviet military facilities, and so on. For these sites., where deployment of a cooperative agent to the site is not feasible, we employ an abstract targeting procedure developed in an earlier program.2 In this procedure the coordinates (latitude and longitude) of sites, with no further information, are relayed to the subject via the SRI experimenters. The subject who is to view the site is asked simply to proceed on the basis of coordinates alone. The material generated in the experiment is then turned over to the project monitor for evaluation. As with the abstract targeting procedure dis- cussed in Section IV-D, we can make no claim as to the logic of the procedure other than the purely pragmatic one that is appears to work. B. Experiments to Calibrate Remote-Viewing Resolution Capability In an effort to obtain a calibration of the remote-viewing acquisi- tion and resolution capability under the coordinates procedure, two, experiments were carried out in which the coordinates given the subject were of technological facilities in the San Francisco Bay area for which extensive feedback could be obtained. In both cases., the subject was 59 r d" ihINIATIVE Approved For Release 20C5_105711 0 : riAx-RI5096-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Releasq 2Waiiiii g*:-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 fto No %0 1% no I PP1PPMqqM (This page is UNCLASSIFIED) simply given the latitude and longitude of the target site with no further information as to the nature of the target. 1. Sylvania Laser Laboratory, Mt. View, California This was the first of the two experiments involving local technological target sites carried out to assess the acquisition and resolution capability of remote viewing in the abstract-targeting mode. The target latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds were selected from a US geological survey map by one of the authors (R.T.) who would have no further contact with the experiment until its conclu- sion. These identifying coordinates were then passed to a second experi- menter (H.P.) who was uninformed as to the precise nature of the target beyond the general knowledge that the site was to be a high-technology complex. This experimenter then departed for the experimental room where Subject Il was waiting. The subject's first response to being given the coordinates was that he had an impression of a large complex containing buildings roads; trees, power lines., etc. After an initial description and sketch, the subject made a clay model of the main buildings and the general layout to capture the three-dimensional aspects. The construc- tion is shown in Figure 15. The foreground part of the construction consists principally of a roundish structure on the right and a rectangular building on the left. (The designated geographical coordinates correspond to the center of the round building shown at the right on the upper part of the figure.) As is the usual procedure, the experimenter with the subject probed for more detail with regard to what the subject had generated. He began by asking about the roundish structure. In response., the subject produced the drawing shown in Figure 16, which he said was some kind of "aereatort' (sic) building. (Actually it is an air-inflated hemispheric building.) He also dimensioned the building as 85 feet diameter and 30 feet high. (The true dimensions are 120 feet diameter 60 MMMIVE Approved For Relj@pe 2609IJ F96-00791 R000200270001-7 spage isOWL7A5W1_R Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED -gm- 61 FIGURE 15 TWO BUILDINGS AT SYLVANIA TARGET SITE, AND CLAY MODELS-MADE BY SUBJECT 11 IN REMOTE-VIEWING EXPERIMENT, MENLO PARK TO MOUNTAIN VIEW, CALIFORNIA (U) 61 Approved For Release 20OU14C- fjA664]FbIrE000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-8 04 04 a) 9 w a) D- on WLU LL. LO LO 04 W z m 0 LL 0 CL CL < (n) "(ioal 09 Aq OZ L oje suoisuawip lenl3e) qB!q lool OE: pue Buol leal go aq ol Buippq aqj pe6pnf joafqnS '9NIG-lina (31s) ,HO-LV3u3V,, :10 E)NIMVH(] SJI 103rons ONV '311S 130UVI VINVAIAS 3HI IV ON101ina (131HOddns-mv =10 HdVHE)OIOHd 9L 3ungi=l (r " E 1!@I@ r-T-1 r.v I/ rxcIEeAt@ n "r 04 04 a) 9 w LX* 0 LL 0 CL CL < Approved For Release 2lyneLM11MIT 000200270001-7 by 60 feet high.) The subject seemed to sense that his scaling was erroneous for he said that the building seemed to be "getting bigger and bigger" as he made his second sketch shown in Figure 17. Finally he offered to put the two buildings in perspective and made the drawing shown in Figure 18. He then made a more detailed drawing (Figure 19) of the rec- tangular building, which he volunteered was some kind of manufacturing plant. The experimenter asked him for detail on what was being manu- factured. (The principal activity of interest in this factory is the construction of a number of 5-kW-output gas-transport lasers. Within each of these lasers, which are used to heat treat locomotive cylindersY is a large vane-axial blower to move heated carbon-dioxide gas past an electrical discharge region. The laser has a 2-foot-by-6-foot pl-exi- glass viewing port, through which one can observe the glow discharge.) The subject offered that they were making something about the size of a car., that there was a feeling of swirling motion, and that the device being manufactured reminded him of an oven or crematorium because of all the light and heat and energy that seemed to be associated with it. He sketched the interior of the device shown in Figure 20(a). Figure 20(b) is an engineering schematic for comparison. The transformers are on the right of the laser, as indicated by the subject. The total time for this experiment was about 90 minutes, It is significant that the subject emphasized in his drawing of the device little vertical segments', since -the major engineering decision that brought about successful production of this laser was the decision to use a segmented anode; that allowed the laser to run at a 100-kW input power without catastrophic arcing. A photograph of the laser is shown in Figure 21. When the subject was taken to see the laser at Sylvania, he expressed a subjective feeling that he probably did as well as he could have with remote view- ing, since seeing the laser in person did not give him that much addi- tional information. It is clear to us from this and the following experiment that the best results can probably be obtained from the use 63 Approved For Release 20MIMq -L AMMEJAPROO0200270001-7 C14 04 a) 9 w is 0 LL > 0 CL CL (n) ,-ja56iq pue jaB6iq 6uimojB,, se 6uipl!nq aqi paqp3sop 13afqnS -E)NIG-lina 031HOddns-uiv VINVAIAS :JO DNIMVHCI ON003S sAl 103rans LL 3unou (39[AISSVIONn rr 04 04 a) a) in a- LU 0 Ln 04 W m 0 LL > p CL CL OL-6OCcj-V-1 (n) -jaqioue ouo oi uoiielai ui waqi meip ol pajollo aq pup 'ei!s aqi ie sBuipl!nq lediOuild oAU ajam ajoLli jall Ino poluiod AIIOaJJ03 138rqnS 'Ll 133rans Aa S9NIMVHG (INV 'SE)NI(I'line VINVAIAS OMI Bt 3unou 04 04 a) I- 0 LU 9.. CD a) LL. LO 0- z Cl) 04 0 LL 0 CL CL L L-60eg-v-l (131=11SSV-1:)Nn 04 04 Lb 04 0 LL 0 CL CL 04 N a) I- 0 9 ful (n) 133rans As I30OVY AVID GNV E)NIMVU(l H-LIM 'EMI(I'lins Wun-LovinNVW :30 HdVU!Z)O-LOHd M31A-.LNOud Z L-60S9-Vl 61 3unou (331=IISSV-IONn "r 04 04 a) 1- 0 IW LLFL LL9. Approved For Release r-11 L Xtg)f0J()()7Ck1 R000200270001-7 MR, E D' OUTPUT OPTICAL ANODE FO LDING MIRROR ta^f @ v rrl? UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-13 FIGURE 20 SUBJECT -DRAWING OF INSIDE -OF "HEAT AND LIGHT MACHINE" (lower), AND AN INDICATION OF "TRANSFORMERS" ON THE RIGHT (correct). Above is shown the Sylvania schematic of the segmented anode of their 10-kW, 6-foot-long, gas-transport laser under test in the target building. (U) of a technologist knowledgeable in an area of interest working as an analyst in conjunction with the subject. 2. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevatron, Berkeley, California After the success of the Sylvania experiment with Subject Il, we conducted a similar experiment with an experienced remote-viewing subject, H1, who is, however, a novice in geographical coordinate experi- ments. Again our primary goal was to determine how much detailed in- formation could be obtained from the target site by this means. In our normal procedure the experimenter with the subject is kept blind as to the nature of the target so as to prevent cueing, overt 67 Approved For Release"G/LO6<5%$IfJ&C)91RO00200270001-7 MIRROR n I RROR Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP-96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED 0 4i 0 c cc E a) (D E 0 F- c@ Lu to cc 0 n cn z cn z -j U) LL 0 cc (D 0 0 :c 0. Lu V) 04 Lu z D D 0 LL 68 Approved For ReIUMkgkfj Sif4&0-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 20D3 000200270001-7 ulffe LcAfff h1v or subliminal. This is a standard methodological precaution taken in all psychoenergetic research, and one that we adhere to. To obtain a measure of operational utility, however, it was of interest to us to carry out one experiment in which the experimenter had some prior know- ledge of the target in order to determine whether this factor led-to any obvious enhancement or degradation. Because this experiment represents .a departure from standard protocol in testing for psychoenergetic functioning, it must be considered in a separate category with regard to questions of scientific proof of paranormal functioning. Nonetheless, with these caveats it should be appreciated that the experimenter with the subject (1) knew only the name and general function of the target, (2) did not have any detailed information about what was inside the target buil-ding,,and (3) took every conceivable precaution to prevent cueing or leading the subject. Subject HI was given the coordinates of the Bevatron, as taken from a US geological survey map of the area. In the tape-recorded interview with the experimenter HI responded that it was a very technical placel and immediately offered that "there are highly illuminated rays shooting out of a belly-button kind of roundness." H1 then made the sketch shown in Figure 22. The detailed schematic shown at the left was unknown to us at the time of the experiment, and we were not able to confirm the "rays" (or beam-tubes, as it turned out), until a week, later. HI made a clay model in response to the coordinates, as shown in Figure 23, The subject then volunteered a description of the interior of the building, perceived as an "energy expander" which "hums" with "Some very strong electrical, otherwise, energy going around there... energy circulating." To illustrate this, H1 made the second sketch shown in Figure 24. Two interior items were reported by the subject that were completely unsuspected by the experimenter. One was a "shutter-like door" which HI said "goes up quite a bit, almost to the top." Subject H1 also described some "hermetically closed cubes, which don't look 69 Approved For Release 2WW/XCWWtWR000200270001-7 Approved For R I 1q Itf 3A5 S. ffIFE136-00791 R000200270001-7 U UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-1 5 FIGURE 22 BERKELEY BEVATRON, AND SKETCH BY SUBJECT H1. Subject reported, "There are highly illuminated rays shooting out of a belly-button type of roundness." (U) 70 Approved For ReJANQ41A @UFFW?00791 R000200270001-7 U01 Approved For Release 2bWet %Adtjjf EW000200270001-7 0-% ftf ftF FIGURE 23 CLAY MODEL MADE BY SUBJECT IN RESPONSE TO COORDINATES OF BERKELEY BEVATRON (U) 71 Approved For Release 2JANiGLAfk&LF-J(EA000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED LA-6309-16 UNCLASSIFICD LA-5309-17 FIGURE 24 INTERIOR OF BEVATRON BUILDING, WITH SKETCH BY SUBJECT H1. Subject reported, "This is an energy expander. It hums. It's some very strong electrical otherwise energy going around there ... pure energy circulating." (U) 72 Approved For RelUsKgLfM55;ITAF-]R-UEPP-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Relyntilf/ekifffff-00791 R000200270001-7 8-140 ftf Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 rmlrlurn A rv TVE like boxes that contain something," and with "edges sharply defined." The subject then rendered the drawing shown in Figure 25. The enormous slide-up door shown at the left of the figure has a strong resemblence to the subject's drawing, and the building does contain a pile of cubes (concrete shielding blocks, with metal reinforced edges) which also match the subject's description. A detailed examination of the transcript indicates that the subject's description, although noninterpretative or nonanalytic in nature, constitutes a credible description of the basic features of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevatron complex--credible in the sense that a technologist asked to differentiate among transcripts of this caliber associated with a restricted set of known target sites (Bevatron, laser produc"tion facility, etc.) would be able to do so without difficulty. A careful examination of the transcript also reveals a lack of cueing on the part of the experimenter, and a description of technological detail beyond that known to the experimenter on the part of the subject; thus., general knowledge of the target site on the part of the experimenter does not appear to play a discernible role in this process. Finally, from the two remote-viewing experiments involving description of technological target sites acquired on the basis of an abstract coordinate targeting procedure we conclude that (1) remote viewing on the basis of coordinates is at least as effective as remote viewing on the basis of an outbound experimenter at the site, and (2) subjects not technologically oriented can nevertheless produce meaningful descriptions of technological installations. C. Real-Time Targeting (Minuteman and Poseidon Missile Static Test Firings in the Western United States) In an effort to determine the characteristics of real-time remote viewing, the technical contract monitor requested that SRI subjects target on a series of events to take place at various given coordinates in the western United States (Utah and China Lake, California) during designated time windows. The nature of the events was kept blind to all SRI personnel until five such experiments were completed. One 73 Approved For Release 2003/051?#" b1A;SF36- Hdi'0,6M-200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/025/4 -RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 , _I : C14. =W-A*- h .I L. %o 1% (This paqe is UNCLASSIFIED) UNCLASSIFIED fz@ Li LA-5309-18 FIGURE 25 TWO VIEWS OF BEVATRON BUILDING. Subject reported, "the shutter-like door goes up quite a bit, almost to the top ... Inside there are hermetically closed cubes which don't look like boxes that contain something ... large, heavy metal ... very definitely cubed with edges sharply defined." (U) 74 IGGIGMAG; Approved For Release 2001ffM5/TT!10TPrLRLYF`,U6 filROO0200270001-7 (This page is UNCLASSIFIED) SHIELDING -INTERIOR VIEW ROLL-UP DOORS -EXTERIOR VIEW Approved For Release 2003 6-00791 R000200270001-7 W, #J 16 %w 0% @ X subject (Il) participated in the experimental series for all five events, while another (Hl) participated in only two. Subject Il scanned the events from the Menlo Park, California, SRI Laboratory, while sub- ject HI scanned from Los Angeles, California. During the tests, the subjects made drawings, and their verbal descriptions were tape-recorded. The characteristics of the events, which SRI experimenters were told later were static tests of Minuteman and Poseidon solid-propellant missile firings, were picked up in some detail by both subjects. During the five event windows, three tests were carried out and two were scrubbed because of technical problems. Subject Il, who participated in the entire series, correctly noted this sequence and also was able to indicate actual event time to within ten seconds. A drawing by:I1 of a dust cloud raised during the test is shown in Figures 26 and 27 along with a photograph for comparison. A comparison of a test site schematic with the sketch that Hl generated for one of the tests is shown in Figure 28, and a photo of the test bay is shown in Figure 29. The results of the experiments, which included recognition of go versus no-go conditions, timing to wi-thin ten seconds, and descriptions of the events as "drawn-out muffled roars" which "raised dust clouds" and involved "glowing melting materials," were judged to be excellent and to constitute a significant breakthrough with regard to real-time data collection. Thus, although information that subjects relate most accurately tends to be nonanalytic, pertaining to shape, form, color, and material, rather than to function or name, analysts familiar with this aspect of the phenomenon find the data to be of useful quality. D. Sponsor-Designated Targets in the USSR (S) One of the purposes of the program as outlined in the work state- ment was to provide a basis for the assessment of capability, and application probability, of remote viewing as an advanced threat tech- nique that could be under development in the USSR, and which could form 75 0% rN A" r% In 9r Approved For Release 2003/05fil)~'&A~~Z~56-UO794'gd662OO270001-7 Approved For Release 20CM -PR"2ffl7E91 R000200270001-7 :.5 LF UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-19 FIGURE 26 DRAWING BY SUBJECT 11 OF DUST CLOUD RAISED DURING ROCKET ENGINE TEST (U) the basis of future technological surprise. Thus@ a S@ignificant part of this study was the evaluation of application feasibility using US capa- bilities in a modeled or simulated threat role. Data from such US applications would provide insight into this area of potential advanced threat development. In order to assess the potential threat from a Soviet capability in remote viewing, subjects were asked to provide descriptions of sponsor- designated targets in the USSR that were of interest to various members of th-e intelligence community. The coordinates (latitude and longitude) of sites so chosen., without further information, were relayed to the subject via the SRI experimenters. The subject who was to view the site 76 TENTATIVE Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For ReleasIMt!IVAqMPMIYIROO0200270001-7 LU cn Ln LU LU 0 a: U- 0 CC 0 m CL rq LU cc 77 U- cn cn Q z Approved For Release fjfq!C!L.ASFgf ft" R000200270001-7 Approved For Release LWUAl§R5n1P-F2T9b 1 R000200270001-7 MOVABLE BUILDING IN COVER POSITION BUNKER MOVABLE BUILDING IN RETRACTED POSITION CONCRETE APRON EARTH COVERED INSTRUMENTATION,,','.. AND BOILER BUILDING DPELLANT JTAH RV po" C I'a 'A IPA/ UNCLASSIFIED 140VO LA-5309--21 FIGURE 28 DRAWING BY H1, AND ROCKET TEST SITE SCHEMATIC SHOWN FOR COMPARISON. Subject was kept blind as to the nature of the target. (U) 79 Approved For ReleaselAW/64ASHAP61 R000200270001-7 Approved For ReleaseVjfjt7t5AC.%-qTIPtECD1 R000200270001-7 LO w U z w w 0 r4 w cc :3 0 U. w z A l Approved For Releasejjfj(Ct5A!j-Sjjlf PD1 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/(Is/h&. 9i+jfFP6-00791 R000200270001-7 40 ENTATIVE then proceeded simply on the basis of coordinates alone as described earlier in this section. The material generated in the experiment (tape recordings., drawings., clay models)-was then compiled and turned over to the project monitor for evaluation. Before discussing these data, we present a brief description of a pilot study done in cooperation with the project monitor which led to this effort. 1. Pilot Study During a visit to the SRI facility in Menlo Park, Californial the project monitor asked for a demonstration of long-distance remote viewing by coordinates. Subject Il was available and agreed to such a demonstration (6 May 1976). The project monitor then chose ten coordi- nate pairs (ratitu'de and longitude) at random by use of the RAND Table of Random Digits,, so that during the experiment the target sites would be blind to all concerned. The project monitor and an SRI experimenter (Puthoff) then entered the laboratory and, one by one, read off the coordinates to Subject Il,, who quickly sketched a map and jotted down a few phrases to describe what came to mind as the coordinates were read, taking roughly three minutes per target. After the ten response sheets were generated (in the presence of the- project monitor and SRI experi- menter) in response to the ten coordinates, the data were roughly evalu- ated by the project monitor and SRI experimenter by reference to The Times Atlas of the World. The results of this informal pilot experiment were sufficiently encouraging to indicate to the project monitor that there was some basis for conducting a series of experiments of this type in viewing Soviet sites of interest. To begin, we were given the coordinates of two Soviet sites of interestl designated here as Sites A and B. Following is a synopsis of the data generated in response. 2. Soviet Site A SG1A The project monitor passes along to SRI experimenters the coordinates of the first sited Although the SG1A 83 CEIGAIN9 Approved For Release 2003/0 5 7clA-'fti5pEfC-66~§iW000200270001-7 9/T Approved For Release WQ0P61MJ:. -'1A-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 - ", =Imp-MW '"ENTATIVE coordinates were intended to designate an airport of interest, they were obtained from a list that in fact corresponded to a nearby population center. In response, the first of two subjects to be targeted on this site generated the drawing of a dam as shown in Figure 30. This draw- ing was passed along to the project monitor who had forwarded the co- ordinates. Although the existence of the dam was unknown to the project monitor when he chose the coordinates, he later verified that a dam resembling the subject's drawing was located within a few miles of the coordinates., roughly as far from the population center as the airport of interest. It was then agreed that the appropriate next step was to obtain an overview from the subject without indicating to him that the item of interest was an airport. Should he find an airport during this second phase, he would then be asked for more detail. This procedure was followed and resulted in the overview shown in Figure 31; the subject did in fact mention an airport in h is overview. After completion of the over view, the SRI experimenter monitoring the subject's efforts requested more detail on the airport. Figure 32(a) shows the runway outlines and nearby buildingsY while Figure 32(b) indicates detail on a structure at the end of the major runway. These data were evaluated by the project monitor, and much of the description was verified. The project officer should be contacted for further details. - A second subject, a government employee (Subject-El) trained in remote viewing in an earlier program, agreed during a visit to SRI on June 24 to participate in our efforts to obtain information about this same site. In his case SRI experimenters indicated the coordinates on a low-resolution world map and told him that the target of interest was an airport. In response he generated a half-hour tape transcript and sketches, including the overview shown in Figure 33, and the sketch of a Concorde-like aircraft that he saw on one of the runways (Figure 34).- The tape transcript and sketches were turned over to the project monitor for evaluation. 84 t- 16 TENIATIVE 0 _4516 VIA : CIA-RDP96-00791ROO0200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05 Approved For Release 2003/052 QP-a6-00791 R000200270001-7 4w E lo .30 ct - m SG1A /Vo ends FIGURE 30 REMOTE VIEWING BY GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES OF DAM SITE IN THE USSR (S) 85 Grm 6044m...... Approved For Release 2003/03"3w 00270001-7 a-c" SS i4ad 5 SECRET Approved For Release 2WkQWJ§ #C+A-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Rot 74 SG1A 11. sip, f C, 4t 86 Nxt co R 6 1 mm"Mft Approved For Release evuJivul 10 : k'1A 000200270001-7 FIGURE 31 REMOTE-VIEWING OVERVIEW OF DAM-SITE LOCALE, SHOWING AIRPORT OF INTEREST IN THE LOWER LEFT (U) Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 _cjLr_m c -22wTATIVE RAMP BUILDING HANGARS DETAIL ON RUNWAYS (b) DETAIL ON STRUCTURE AT END OF MAJOR RUNWAY SECRET FIGURE 32 REMOTE-VIEWING SKETCH OF DETAIL ON RUNWAYS AND STRUCTURES (Soviet Airport) (S) 87 rrr.Q_= Approved For Release 2003/05/ r4w-.Eut#ym-W%LJWMO--OD704RMV]00270001-7 Approved For Release 2 3LOW16H-RDP96-00791ROO0200770001-7 O@ F V JA 0 OV Cos SECRET 3 SOO jigs AA436 rX yo Awel FIGURE 33 REMOTE VIEWING BY SECOND SUBJECT ATTEMPTING TO DESCRIBE SOVIET AIRPORT TARGET (S) 3. Soviet Site B (S) SG1A Coordinates or a second Soviet site were given to SRI experimenters, who then passed them on to Subject Il. As a result of an error on the part of the individual who chose the coordinates, the coordinates were not of a site of interest, but rather of a barren area out in the countryside. In response to the coordinates'. the subject described a town to the southwest and a relatively barren area with "loopy roads at the target site (Figure 35). As before, the sketches and a written desc-ription were turned over to the project monitor for evaluation., who subsequently verified the results as matching the coordinates given in error. The error thus provided an opportunity to verify that (1) the 88 Approved For Release 591 A- 91 R000200270001-7 OVERVIEW Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 -A--r 0- n r T SECRET FIGURE 34 AIRPLANE VIEWED BY SUBJECT TO BE ON GROUND AT AIRPORT SITE (U) subject's output is not simply geared to match the expectations of the experimenters, and (2) the subject does not simply conjure up what may reasonably be expected to be correct (an educated or "safe" guess), but in fact describes the area appropriate to the coordinates even though it may run counter even to the subject's own expectations. This experi- ment thus inadvertently provided a "null test" of the type useful in the testing of human abilities. o 4. Ten-Site Scan On the basis of the results obtained with scans of Sites A and B, it appeared there was justification for a commitment to carry out further scans. Therefore,, the project monitor generated a list of ten additional sites to be scanned by the remote-viewing process. These sites have been scanned and the data turned over to the sponsor for evaluation. 89 PLO I" 9r Approved For Release 2003/0M'@?*C )270001-7 Approved For Release 2 DP96-00791 R000200270001-7 ITNIN'I'Al, I V B Amtz cc@ SECRET 0 FIGURE 35 RURAL SOVIET SITE (S) Following is an example (Site 2) that indicates the type of data being generated on a regular basis. Subjects El and Il scanned the site independently on different dates. The experimenter carrying out the task (H.P.) was kept blind to the target as per standard protocol. a. Subject El Scan of Site 2 The coordinates for Site 21 1were SG1A read off to Subject El to begin the scan. The only information about the site held by the experimenter who acted as a monitor (H.P.) was that 90 ENTATIVE AM X R so I Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/g #.a=-00791 R000200270001-7 A rnTITMI the target was a building 2 to 5 miles south of a lake. El's comments were tape-recorded and a single drawing made during the course of the experiment was collected. As an example of the type of narratives generated during these experiments, we have included the entire unedited text of this experiment as Appendix A. The text, along with the subject's sketch (Figure 36), indicated that the primary structure of interest was a long building, trapezoidal in cross section, ending in a "round igloo-like mound" whose function was clearly technological in nature (e.g., particle accelerator, laser?). b. Subject Il Scan of Site 2 The coordinates for Sites I through 10 were read to Sub- ject Il in sequence during an initial quick-response scan of all of the sites (- 3 minutes/site). During this sequence, the subject reported seeing a lake near Site No. 2 as part of his response. After the contract monitor had evaluated the initial data set, he requested further information on Site 2 with a request that the subject concentrate on an area 2 to-5 miles south of the lake. In re- sponse, Subject Il generated over 40 sketches of what he observed in the designated vicinity, including roads, towers, building complexes, and the like. (For example, see Figure 37.) He eventually concentrated on a structure not unlike that described by Subject El (of whom he was not aware)--namely, a rather long building with a rounded igloo-like struc- ture at the end (see Figure 38). In one version, for which he made a clay model, there appeared to be two building wings of this natureY as shown in Figure 39. In the final drawings he concentrated on interior floor plans and technical detail which included a description of a long tunnel containing a high-technology structure. The sum total of data on Soviet sites, submitted to-the sponsor for evaluation, has been partially verified at the SECRET level. Details of the evaluation can be provided by the sponsor through special 91 1Q ro rM 0 ;;; OPMWATIVE Approved For Release 2003/05/145 I'CWA[5146-00791 R000200270001-7 4" Approved For Release@@@ CaMOO0200270001-7 17-- - 17a Ps r SG1A vd, @, @er Ile SECRET FIGURE 36 SKETCH GENERATED BY SUBJECT El (Site 2) (U) 92 W- AM %P 16 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/0@14-& &CIAAgFq6-00791ROO0200270001-7 CI4 LU LL 0 LU LU 0 L) LU D V) r- cn LU U- w M u 11, 93 Approved For Release 2003/05T/Mft-@O@@@- Approved For Release -"-W-"-Q-rMjjA Mop ra I R000200270001-7 4716-116@1 - - a (This page is UNCLASSIFIED) UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-23 FIGURE 38 SKETCHES GENERATED BY SUBJECT Il (Site 2) (U) 94 TIVE 0. @@TATIV@E 51115(, Approved For Releeqlqq7,,RWi;2290V=Q.,~tj,§C;LrAlAiRQBP 00200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 -CE-r D C MTINTM A r1l TIrV FIGURE 39 CLAY MODEL GENERATED BY SUBJECT 11 (Site 2) (U) access channels. In general, the results indicate that the state of the art is sufficiently advanced to constitute a useful supplementary data collection technology. 95 Approved For Release 2003/05/ 090200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED LA-5309-24 Approved For Release 2003/ TP C, -00791 R000200270001-7 TENIATIVE VII CONCLUSIONS The purpose of this program was to provide a basis for assessing the possibility that psychoenergetic processes representing an advanced threat technology could be under development in the USSR. This study was to determine the state of the art and to evaluate application feasibility. To carry out this task, SRI concentrated on the evaluation of a particular human perceptual capability--a perceptual process called If remote viewdng." This process, discovered and developed in an earlier SRI programP 2Y3 p;ertains to the ability of certain individuals to access and describe, by mental means, information blocked by distance or shielding from ordinary acquisition, and thereby thought to be secure against such access. In particular, the phenomenon we.have investigated most extensively is the ability of a subject to view remote geographical locations., even at intercontinental distances, givefi'only geographical coordinates or a person on whom to target. Several individuals' remote viewing abilities have been developed sufficiently to allow them to describe often in great detail--geographical or technical material such as natural forma- tions, buildings., roads, interior laboratory apparatus, and the like. The results of this investigation can be summarized as follows: ~ Continuing demonstrations in this programY by replications in other laboratories, 18-23 show that the capability known as "remote viewing," is a reproducible human perceptual ability. ~ Analysis of remote-viewing transcripts indicates that for a given target site 667o of the subject-generated material constitutes an accurate description of the site., while only about 37% of the data matches other target sites. ~ No degradation in accuracy or resolution as a function of distance was observed in carefully controlled trans- continental experiments (up to 5000 km). 97 Approved For Release 2003/oaAF.%e0-kb. - 9 6'-dUTOT07 2 0 0 2 7 0 0 01 -7 Approved For Release 2eepiptW-RDP96-00791ROO0200270001-7 rrTPV1PA rPTUV-- ~ Real-time activities at the target site are often per- ceived; experiments have included successful real-time remote viewing of Minuteman and Poseidon static test firings in the western United States (differentiation between successful firings and scrubs, timing to within ten seconds., descriptions of sounds, melting, dust clouds, and the like). ~ Alphabet letters at a remote location have been identified to a statistically significant degree, indicating a potential for access to written material via the remote- viewing process. ~ Redundancy, whereby more than one individual attempts to collect data on a given target, improves reliability by reducing the effect of the biases of individual subjects. ~ Abstract targeting procedures (for example, targeting by geographical coordinates), yield results comparable to those obtained by experiments in which a person known to the subject is used as a target. This observation offers further evidence for goal-oriented as opposed to means- oriented interpretation of the "laws" that appear to govern psychoenergetic functioning. ~ Remote viewing, through the use of geographical coordinates as target designators,, has provided descriptions of Soviet -military facilities designated as targets by the sponsor, with detail comparable to that obtained and verified during local and coast-to-coast experimentation. The data, sub- mitted to the sponsor for evaluation, has been partially verified in the large at the SECRET level; further details of the evaluation are available from the sponsor through special access channels. Observation that new and untrained subjects can perform remote viewing and that they improve with practice indicates that reliance on the availability of speZial subjects may not be necessary. The remote viewing information channel is imperfect, and is therefore best utilized in conjunction with other resources. Nevertheless, the data generated by this process exceed any reasonable bounds of chance correlation or acquisition by ordinary means, and therefore the remote viewing process constitutes a valuable information source. It is known that workers in the Soviet Union have pursued work in the psychoonergetics field for the past 40 years. We therefore believe that they have achieved a level of proficiency similar to that reported here. 98 dl@ 1111111- PTA Approved For Release A* 1N RIA416 96T-OVhl R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 I =%; 1% 1. 1 M=77rl IVE Appendix A SUBJECT El SCAN OF SOVIET SITE 2 (S) 99 Aft MW 0" 0% IM qP Approved For Release 2003M. -"d;-mfflfLm PPM200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/0 270001-7 Appendix A SUBJECT El SCAN OF SOVIET SITE 2 (S) Following is the entire unedited transcript of a remote-viewing scan of a site in the USSR generated by Subject El in response to being given the site's geographical coordinates. A sketch of the site generated during the scan is given in Figure 36. As in our standard protocol, the experimenter (H.P.) with the subject was kept ignorant of the specifics of the target, having been told only that it was a building 2 to 5 miles south of a lake. PUTHOFF: Today is December 15, 1976. This is a remote viewing experi- ment. Hal Puthoff is the monitor. El is the viewer. This is in Project 10Q, Site No. 2. 1 have the coordinates which I'll read off. What I'd like, if it's possible, is to start out with a fairly high view., because I know something about the topology of the region. And if you find a certain thing then I can direct you to the right SG1A building. It's basically a building. The coordinates are SG1A I El: OK. I get some snow on the ground,, a forest. The large thing that rises up over here is apparently a natural formation,, like a large hill, it's over that way. I pick up something that makes it look like it's about sunrise. Picking up nice red highlights. Over to the left from the hill is a compound., fairly large compound., fenced. Several buildings. Strange sort of shape -to the building in that it's a typical, American temporary-type building. Where you've got a long building with little arms coming off of it. A feeling of temporariness to it. It isn't a permanent site; that part of it isn't a permanent site. That's basically a one-story building. At the corner of the fence there's a two-story building, almost like a guard tower. Over beyond that, further over, we get into a concrete structure of some sort. Again, the first impression that I get is 101 g" n Approved For Release 2003/05M,+- =AMWt-Ul ff#f*Mb200270001-7 Approved For Releas rfffl) UPa6:0-0791 R000200270001-7 that it's long. Not very high, not very wide, but long. I haven't got anything to compare it to for a feel of how long it is. Like you'll sometimes get the impression of bigness, this is an impres- sion of longness. It isn't quite square. PUTHOFF: The whole compound you mean? El: Well.9 the long building. It isn't rectangularY it's more trapezoi- dal in cross section. I can sketch that for you. It looks like it might be something out of an energy physics compound where you've got a long tunnel that you're shooting down or accelerating particles down. Or it might even be something as massive as something that you are launching a test vehicle down,, firing a rocket down. That kind of dense., long, small cross section. PUTHOFF: Do you think you can sketch that, or would you rather just continue looking around? El: I'll try to sketch that. At the end of the long building there's a round igloo-like mound. It seems to terminate here. Here's the cross section for this and this is two stories here. And this thing seems to have six wings sticking out of it. I don't know why there seems like there's six there, but there seems to be six. It seems significant that there's six. And the tower is just in this corner. I don't see a tower over in this corner. And the hill that caught my eye is over here someplace, off the page. PUTHOFF: Why don't you draw an arrow point in that direction. El: I get some sort of a forest over here. There's a road. You have to look down. PUTHOFF: When you go up and look down, any additional landmark type things? El: Yes, some sort of a gantry over here someplace. PUTIfOFF: When we go out to the side we can scotch tape sheets side by side. 102 on qP ,-A 0110 V2 kv on OPJI@ Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791ROO0200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/0!@1J.@QJ;ffY96-00791 R000200270001-7 El: It's a gantry or a crane or something on wheels and there's track that runs along there. It seems to parallel the direction that that building runs. The building is running in a strange direction compared to the way everything else is laid out. PUTHOFF: When you go way up in the air do you see any water around? El: I get an impression of a lake over this way someplace. Just a flash of the sunlight off the water. I can't see this and the water at the same time. Sort of flash back and forth. Either I can see the water over here, or I can see this. PUTHOFF: Do you get an idea of how much distance there might be between these two? El: A number of @ miles. PUTHOFF: OK, sounds like this is the right place. Do you want to take a specific part maybe and get more detail. There's plenty to start with if we want to run this through verification, and if this is correct, probably over the phone he can just ask you to look further. If you can get any detail, in these experiments we're trying to see what kind of detail. But whatever feels natural like looking in a building, getting more detail on the outside of the building. El: This structure is massive. It's got that strange trapezoidal cross section. There's some instrumentation down on this end. PUTHOFF: Is that the igloo end or the other end? El: No,, the rectangular end, two-story rectangular end. I can't get a feeling at all for what it is. Maybe I'm trying to be too rational about it. The first thing that comes to mind is that it's particle physics of some sort. The reason I can't pin it down is that I don't recognize the test setup. I've got nothing to compare it to. PUTHOFF: Can you say which end is the starting end and which end is the stopping end? 103 0% irm Ad" r% I" Approved For Release 2003/0__qfF'@1*-ft1 -96'-68f#+ 0200270001-7 Approved For Release /ffC(*A-R1?fj R000200270001-7 2 QQ,-AQ791 El: Well, I think it starts at this end and they shoot in that direc- tion. I also get the impression that this thing is evacuated. PUTHOFF: So on your diagram they shoot from the right toward the left. In other words, from the two-story building toward the igloo. El: Yes., toward the igloo and the chamber down through this strange trapezoid shape is evacLiated. They shoot in a vacuum. I don't know what they're shooting or what they're trying to do. PUTHOFF: I'll leave it up to you if you want to probe further, or that's plenty of information to start with. El: I imagine I can take a crack at it. PUTHOFF: The time is now 1711, West Coast time, and that's it. El: There was relatively new snow. I didn't see anybody but I thought I heard people walking around because I heard the crunching of the snow. Without thinking too much about it I get the feeling that it was very early in the mornirfg and that's about right, time wise. It's about a twelve hour difference between here and there I would imagine. PUTHOFF: I figure this out everytime, but I don't remember. El: From Washington to Hong Kong is 12 hours, so if this is three hours ... PUTHOFF: What's Greenwich to Moscow? El: Three hours. And we're nine to Greenwich? PUTHOFF: We're eight. El: So it's 11 hours. PUTHOFF: It's 11 hours to there. OK I can check here, I'm not even sure what part it's in. Anyway, do you want to go with what you... So basically maybe before people begin showing up. El: Yes. I heard the crunch in the snow, and that made me think that we probably had a guard walking around here. That was the nature of the crunching in the snow. I've got to learn to look for 104 Approved For Release :~2-4t-"o?.Ita-dA-IRDVO~6---6-,O--7-9-fRM0200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05ijE IAI-IEDF.96-00791 R000200270001-7 people, because I didn't see him. It was pretty. It was quiet, because it was white. You could see the sun bouncing off the snow giving it sort of a red tinge. It's interesting. I always tend to see colors very vividly, and the building here is relatively drab. Colorless and this is all grey in nature. PUTHOFF: So the one that's grey is the one with the igloo and the two story. El: Yes., it's just blah. It doesn't have any bright colors, so I don't get an impression of a color. It's just very calm and peaceful at that time., or this time. I also noted that this uses a lot of electricity. There are some rather heavy power transformers over here on the side someplace. I can't locate them right now. In thinking when I said grey here, I jumped over to the grey trans- formers., dark-colored transformers too. Set, they're not high on poles., they're set like transformer housing distribution stations, right down low. So apparently it uses a lot of power, whatever it is. No quick match as to what it is. It's not something that I recognize, that I can put a name to. And since I've never messed around with high energy physics or what have you, I wouldn't recognize it. Early when you were talking about the rocket motor test business, that all conjures up good pictures because I've been, 10-12 years ago,, out to watch all of the early Polaris motors being fired at Aerojet, so I've seen both their vertical and their horizontal test facilities. I don't think it's that. It does not look like any rocket motor test facility that I've ever seen. It looks more like something along the lines of high energy physics. Conceivably, an idea just crossed my mind and I'll come out with for whatever it's worth, some form of a laser weapon test facility. Particularly a laser that is earmarked for anti-satellite use. No reason for it, no logic for it. I was just sitting here talking and this thought flashed across my mind so I'll come out with it. PUTHOFF: OKY I shall send it along. 105 IG G IG a G 3 Approved For Release 200310BM5-rIA"-'I~R96lOe7SIfkbbO2OO270001-7 Approved For ReleasetyReVAISFFMlY 1 R000200270001-7 Appendix B PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE TO PSYCHOENERGETICS 107 Approved For ReleaseYON19WA-WL-kP91ROO0200270001-7 Approved For Release M*Ct.49SWIEV R000200270001-7 Appendix B PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE TO PSYCHOENERGETICS One of the common objections to the existence of so-called para- normal functioning is that it seems to be in conflict with the laws of physics. Our investigations., howeverl have led us to the contrary view that the data can in all probability be accounted for either within the framework of physics as presently understood, or within the framework of extrapolations that have been proposed to account for other (non-psychic) data. In fact, we anticipate that not only can we use physical princi- ples to help us understand psi phenomenal but the psi data base will probably shed light on some of the current problems in physics--e.g., with regard to the foundations of quantum theory, and for geometrical models of space-time events such as exist in relativity theory. In this section we outline how we are making use of our experimental data base to deduce the relevant physical principles and laws that govern psi functioning. In addition to attempting to determine whether psi phenomena are generally compatible with the laws and content of physics as presently codified, we are also examining the limits of specific physical theories in modeling psi phenomena. The ideas in modern physics we have under consideration as potentially relevant to modeling psi phenomena include: (1) the possibility that remote viewing is mediated by extremely low- frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves 6-9)124.925 (2) the possible signifi- .9 cance., for remote viewing, of Bell's theorem 26 and the Einstein-Podolsky- Rosen (EPR) paradox 27 of quantum theory which emphasize that I'no theory of reality compatible with qaantum 1128 events to be independent , tant events in a manner that (experimentally confirmed at t inte7 tion of the effect theory can require spatially separated but must permit interconnectedness of dis is contrary to ordinary experience 29130 the microscopic level); 31132 (3) the proper of an observer (consciousness) on 109 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Ren er;k/15- frffiff-00791 R000200270001-7 5 5 experimental measurement'. 33,134 of possible significance in psychokinesis; (4) the possibility that the causality-reversing tachyon 35 or advanced- potential solutions of physics may play a role in precognition; 36-38 and (5) the potential relevance (for a general theory of psi phenomena) of theories based on geometries that provide for a more extended structure of the space-time metric. To indicate the tenor of our approach, let us consider briefly two examples from this list. A reasonable first hypothesis is that remote viewing is mediated by extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves, a hypothesis that does not seem to be ruled out by any obvious physical or biological facts. This hypothesis, put forward by I.M. Kogan of the Soviet Union, suggests that information transfer under conditions of sensory shielding is mediated by ELF waves with wavelengths in the 300-to-1000-km region. 6-9 Experimental support for the hypothesis is claimed on the basis of: (1) less than inverse square attenuation with distance, compatible both with earth-ionosphere-waveguide-mode trapping, with source-to-percipient distances lying in the induction-field range as opposed to the radiation- field range; (2) observed low bit rates (0.005-0.1 bits/s) compatible vdth the information carrying capacity of ELF waves; (3) apparent inef- fectiveness of ordinary electromagnetic shileding as an attenuator; and (4) standard antenna calculations entailing biologically generated cur- rents yielding results compatible with observed signal-to-noise ratios. On the negative side with regard to a straightforward-ELF inter- pretation as a blanket hypothesis are: (1) apparent high-resolution, real-time descriptions of remote activities in sufficient detail to require a channel capacity in all probability greater than that allowed by a conventional modulation of an ELF signal; (2) lack of a proposed mechanism for coding (and decoding) the information onto the proposed We wish to acknowledge the technical contributions of Elizabeth A. Rauscher, a consultant to SRI on leave from Lawrence Berkeley Labora- tory, who has done extensive research on physical theories relevant to psi functioning--in particular,, work on multidimensional geometries. 110 Approved For RAN91AASIUM-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2003/05/15 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200270001-7 UNCLASSIFIED ELF carrier; and (3) apparent precognition data. The hypothesis must nonetheless remain open at this stage of research, since it is conceiv- able that counterindication (1) may eventually be circumvented on the basis that the apparent high resolution and high bit rate results from a mixture of low bit rate input and high bit rate "filling in the bl-anks" from imagination; counterindication (2) is common to a number of normal perceptual tasks and may therefore simply reflect a lack of sophistica- tion on our part with regard to perceptual functioning; 39 and counter- indication (3) may be accommodated by an ELF hypothesis if advanced waves as well as retarded waves are admitted. 37P40 Experimentation to determine whether the ELF hypothesis is valid can be carried out by the use of ELF sources as targets, by the study of parametric dependence on propagational directions and diurnal timing, by experimentation under unusual conditions of shielding (e.g., in a submarine). and by the exploration of interference effects caused by creation of a high-intensity ELF environment during experimentation. All of these are under consideration in our laboratory and elsewhere. Because of the apparent difficulties with the ELF hypothesis, especially in accounting for the rel.atively high resolution and data rate of paranormal perception, serious consideration is being given to alternative mechanisms. A more speculative, but promising, hypothesis,. which could in principle account for both remote viewing and precogni- tion, was developed in conjunction with Gerald Feinberg of Columbia University. It is proposed that the ordinary Minkowski 4-space (one temporal., three spatial) might simply be the real part of an eight- dimensional complex space-time. For this generalized coordinate model we let the spatial coordinates be represented by x - x + ix', and similarly for time,, t - t + it'. Analogous to the expression for the distance between two points in Minkowski 4-space, 2 2 2 2 As = Ax _ c 1@t We take the corresponding expression in the complex 8-space to be ill Approved For Release UN00b)*.%F*E(D1 R000200270001-7 Approved For RCjUdj3/.05jj MCO@96-00791 R000200270001-7 Ab ED 2 2 12 _ 2 2 _ 2At/2 As ASAS LX + AX C At C With regard to modeling remote viewing in real time (At 0). we can construct situations in which the remaining first, second, and fourth terms in the above equation add to zero (As = 0). Therefore., even though there is an ordinary (3-space) separation Ax between the two points, the distance in the complex 8-space is reduced to zero. Under the hypothesis that the imaginary (primed) coordinates are accessible to consciousness, reduction of the 8-space separation to zero could in principle provide for a coupling between remote viewer and target site. Given the additional geometrical channels provided by this model, a similar argument can be mounted to account for precognition (As 0 for At < 0). We thus have the possibility of a geometrical interpretation of the "Quantum Interconnectedness" principle by which events remote in space-time are nonetheless connected by non-local correlations, 30-32 or., in this interpretation, by the nnture of the fabric of space-time itself. We are presently pursuing the implications of these and other models. Our goal in these investigations is to develop a theoretical structure to account for the data at hand, and to predict new, testable experimen- tal outcomes. 112 Approved For RJJN GeL MA-5-S LFAVO P6-00791 R000200270001-7 Approved For Release 2t"01/lk~fape?~-lfkiROO0200270001-7 %Wwolum lnff - REFERENCES 1. 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