40 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 DT-S-1048-S DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY 10 vow, CURRUIT STHTUS OF RESEHHCH PHOGRHM HrID fICTIVITIES (U) 13 HUGUST 1992 N0F01W ""m §.# AS-M 40 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Approved For Release 2000/08/X-;4~ 96-00789ROO2900510001-4 CURRENT STATUS OF RESEARCH PROGRAM AND ACTIVITIES (U) SHORT TITLE: DT-S-1048-S Date of Publication 13 August 1992 CLASSIFIED BY: DIA/DT DECLASSIFY ON: OADR NOT RELEASABLE TO FOREIGN NATIONALS Approved For Release 200 /~0"4too,:,-,C..~IA--RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 CONTENTS I PREFACE .................................................. 1 II SUMMARY .................................................. 1 APPENDIX A RESEARCH DETAILS A-1 APPENDIX B RECENT CONFERENCE HIGHLIGHTS B-1 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Unclassified Unclassified Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 CURRENT STATUS OF RESEARCH PROGRAM AND ACTIVITIES I (U) This report provides a summary of current status of the research program and reviews related activities. II (U) SUMMARY (U) Contracted status of the FY91 and FY92 R&D authorization are shown on page 2. (U) Analysis is not yet complete for all research projects. However, overall results at this time are summarized on page 3 for the research initiated with FY91 funds. Details of results to date from this research are in appendix A. (U) Other interesting research results presented at recent conferences are summarized on paper 5 and 6. Appendix B contains additional discussions on findings presented at one of the recent conferences (Princeton University). Approved For Release 2000/08/08 CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Unclassified Approved For Release 2000/08/08 CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 RESEARCH FY 1991 AUTHORIZATION: - FINAL REPORT DUE TO DIA ON 31 AUG 92 FY 1992 AUTHORIZATION: - CONTRACT PACKAGE ON LINE BY NOV 92 - INITIAL PORTION ON LINE 31 JULY 92 Approved For Release 2000/08pq..CIA.-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 OA Approved For Release 2000/6Wi3-";'~8~'k-ADP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 FY 91 RESEARCH RESULTS ~ MEG DATA - INITIAL ANALYSIS PROMISING - IMPROVED METHODOLOGY LOWERED RESULTS ~ PARAMETER SERIES - SIGNIFICANT FOR STATIC TARGETS - NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BEACON, NO BEACON - NO SIGNIFICANCE FOR DYNAMIC TARGETS 0 RV COMMUNICATION SERIES - NO OVERALL SIGNIFICANCE - LATTER HALF SHOWED IMPROVEMENT ~ ALTERED STATES, TRAINING PROJECTS RESULTS INDICATE DATA IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL ~ EXPLORATORY ENERGETICS (SCALAR WAVE DETECTOR) - RESULTS PROMISING - DESCRETE SPECTRAL LINES OBSERVED - PATTERNS SUGGEST A PULSE TRAIN - BACKGROUND NOISE MAY BE INFLUENCED Approved For Release 2000/0 08:C[A,- DP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 jassitieu c Approved For Release 2000/OM98' : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 FY 92 RESEARCH PLANS CONDUCT CONFERENCES - - CONUS, OVERSEAS DEVELOP MEG/EEG CORRELATES - - AMPLITUDE, PHASE SHIFTS PERFORM EEG MEASUREMENTS EXAMINE SUBLIMINAL THRESHOLD TRAINING PERFORM COMMUNICATION FOLLOW-ON SIMPLIFIED PROTOCOL CONDUCT RV PARAMETER PROJECTS - - SIMPLIFIED PROTOCOL, TIMING PURSUE ENERGETICS SCALAR WAVE FOLLOW-ON OTHER DEVICES (GRAVITY, LASER) PERFORM OPERTIONS RESEARCH PROJECTS Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Unclassified Approved For Release 2000/08/08 CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 PRINCETON,.--NJ CONFERENCE ENERGETICS EXPERIMENTS (DEAN JAHN) DEVICES WERE MECHANICAL, ELECTRONIC SIGNIFICANCE AT SEVERAL THOUSAND MILES THEORETICAL MODELS QUANTUM MECHANICAL CONCEPTS ADVANCED POSSIBLE TIE TO ZERO-POINT ENERGY DISCUSSED ul POSSIBLE LINK BETWEEN RV/ESP AND PK POSTULATED FOREIGN ACTIVITIES UNUSUAL PHYSICAL EFFECTS OBSERVED FROM BALL LIGHTNING - - METAL SOFTENING, ODD DESTRUCTION REMOTE HYPNOSIS CLAIMED QUANTUM MECHANICAL DEVICE CONSTRUCTED FOR MENTAL PROCESSES Approved For Release 2000/08/08 CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 k oiass~tlecl 11 Approved For Release 2000/004: CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 OTHER RESEARCH PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE - EEG MEASUREMENTS CORRELATED WITH PERFORMANCE - MENTAL IMAGERY EXERCISES INCREASED PERFORMANCE - ENERGETICS EFFECTS OBSERVED ON BACKGROUND RADIATION, PHYSIOLOGY Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Unclassified , , L . ,, ~ C' 0 - ~ j , Z~, ! I f (: -~,z .W Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 APPENDIX A RESEARCH DETAILS Approved For Release 2000/08/081,;.C,,LA7F'Zll.~06-00789ROO2900510001-4 Approved For Release 20tyk~W'ItiCih-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 APPENDIX A RESEARCH DETAILS This section describes the progress to date for each of the subtasks listed under items 6.2, 6.3, and 6.4 (basic research, applied research, and research methodology, respectively). The section numbering corresponds to the numbering in the Statement of Work. 6.2 Basic Research 6.2.1 Magnotooncophalography (MEG) Investigations From 15 through 28 March 1992, the third portion of a four-part MEG investigation was carried out using receivers from a variety of populations. Details of the protocol may be found in a separate docu- ment, which has been approved by the Scientific Oversight Committee (SOC).1* It is beyond the scope of this report to describe the protocol in detafl; however, we provide a brief overview here, followed by a summary of the analysis and the conclusions to date. Protocol. Each of twelve receivers contributes ten blocks of data. Each block consists of ten 2-minute runs, each of which contains approximately 100 remote and 100 pseudo stimuli. Each block of data is accompa- nied by a control block of equal length during which the conditions are identical to the experimental block; however, no receiver is present under the MEG. The dependent variable is the average effect size of the root mean square (RMS) relative phase shift (Le., prestimulus to poststimulus) of the dominant alpha rhythin. In February, the statistician from the SOC visited the Cognitive Sciences Laboratory. After reviewing the statistics for the MEG project, we noticed that the t-tests that were described in the technical proto- col to test difference the between various conditions were not correct because they assumed statistical independence between the variables. Measurements of brain waves that occur at 1- to 5-second inter- vals are likely to be correlated, especially at 10 Hz, nominally the frequency under study. Therefore, the statistics used to combine the results of all blocks from a single receiver had to be modified. We provide that modification here. Consider N blocks of experimental data. Let r~, be the number of remote stimuli (RS) for blockj, and njp be the number of pseudo stimuli (PS) in blockj. Similarly, define f~, and % as the corresponding effect sizes for blockj. We define the weighted effect size for each stimulus type, k, as N E-k Wj k -'j k, where References may be found at the end of this document. Unclassified Approved For Release 2000/A14/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 njk Wj k N P ~: np, j-1 and k = rp Tests Against the Null Hypothesis: F = 0. Since the experimental effect sizes, Ejk, are derived from nor- mally distributed data (i.e., Monte Carlo calculations of the RMS phase shift), then we know the stan- dard error for each Ejk is sd(Ejk) 7nj k Thus, the variance of the weighted average effect size is N Var(g-j Z WJ2 kVar(Ek) N' j-1 Z nik j=1 The z-score associated with T is Ek Zk = - (2) ~al J Equation 2 is used to test the aver-age effect sizes of the RS and PS for the experimental and control conditions against the null hypothesis of E = 0 for the experninental and control conditions. Tests Against the the Null Hypothesis: &(RS) - 6(PS) = 0. Within a given condition we cannot assume that the phase shifts from an RS are independent from those associated with a PS. Thus, hypotheses tests that do not account for potential correlations between the RS and PS are inappropriate. Because of the simplicity of the individual %, we can compute the exact variance for the differences as follows. Let the difference between the effect sizes for RS and PS be dj ~ .6j, - -,jp . Since there usually is a different number of stimuli for RS and PS, we define a weighting factor for the as n, Qj N Y nj where nj, X nip n, nir + nip Then the weighted mean difference is given by d QIdj A-2 Approved For Release 20PP/00.~08.:..S!~-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Approved For Release 2000/08108 Cl -A-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 The variance of 21 is given by IV Var(47) 1:.Q,2 Var(d), j-1 but Var(dj) = Var(-cj,) + Var(rjp) - 2 Cov(Ej,Ejp), but CoV(-,ir,_,jp) ~ p, Vl,'ar(-,,,) - Var(Ejp) Combining these equations with the definition for the variance of the effect size, gives the Var(d) as Var(j) Qj[-L + -L - 2 Qrp ~Var(Ejr) - Var-(-cj,) I nir -nip j=1 and Z JV_ar _(j) (3) Tests Against the Null Hypothesis: E(Experiment) -c(Control) = 0. To compare each stimulus type in the experiment and control conditions, we assume that the data are independent. Thus, the z-score for the difference is given by Z,t(Expefiment - Control) - 9k(EX) - E_Xl) ~Var(Tk(Ex).) + Var(T-k(Cl)) E_k(a) - Z_k(Cl) (4) P) + 1 Equation 4 is used to test the difference between experimental blocks and their corresponding control blocks. Conclusions. All data from the MEG investigation have been analyzed. Using the above tests, we have not observed significant deviations from chance expectations for any of the conditions. The specifies and tables of individual performance will be presented in the final report. In this investigation, however, we did learn that the well-known Crammer-Rao limitation2 on the ex- pected variance for a phase measurement in low signal-to-noise environments was a limiting factor. In fact, if there is a phase shift due to the RS, then the mathematical technique that was used in this study would not be sensitive enough to detect it. For basic neuroscience arguments, we expect that a phase shift should exist. A phase shift of primary alpha rhythm is one indication that the central nervous system (CNS) has been aroused by some stimulation. Approved For Release 2000/0~108 ~Z?l A-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 UIIL;Ii;~661111%-d~u Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 iven 1i;ui anomalous cognition (AQ has been well established in the laboratory and in practical applica- ti~i~ls, ~il, be likely that an AC stimulus would arouse the CNS in a similar way. We have collected nearly 1,000 megabytes of data in this study. Proposed modifications to the analysis of the data should determine if a phase shift is present. The details of the proposed analysis will be described in detail in the final report. 6.2.2 Data Patterns/Correlations 6.2.2.1 ACrMrget Feature Correlations We have reviewed our standard static target pool of 100 National Geographic magazine photographs and a set of 30 clips of video movies and documentaries, and have analyzed them with regard to the total change of Shannon entropy (AS). The complete details of that analysis can be found in the technical protocol, which has been approved by the SOC~3 and the results of this analysis can be found in a previous interim report.4 6.2.2.2 Experiments Testing ACfrarget Feature Correlations All AC trials were conducted without monitors, and the data were faxed to the principal investigator. Five receivers completed 40 trials each. Significant effects were seen for two of the five receivers for -40 static targets (p:!i~ 0.02), and a significant effect was observed for the combined data (p:f~_ 0.01). Analy sis of variance (ANOVA) showed no overall difference between sender and no-sender conditions. That is, the quality of Ae did not depend upon a sender. Significant AC was not observed for the dynamic targets regardless of the sender condition. We found a significant correlation between the quality of AC and the Shannon en'tropy of the targets. The details of this correlation and of the ANOVA results will be provided in the final report. . - 6.2.23 AC/Geomagnetic Activity Correlations We may discover more about the impact of geomagnetic field fluctuations (GMF) on AC performance by research on possible medical effects that are modulated by very low frequency magnetic fields. Some litera- ture suggests a connection between idopathic and epileptic seizures and GMF fluctuations. Currently, we are assembling a database of approximately 4,000 seizures and seizure-related mortalities. Preliminary analysis of a subset of this database suggests that both seizures and mortalities associated with seizures are weakly correlated with elevated GMF noise levels. GMF noise might be depressing the melatonin level, resulling in an increased probability of seizure. We have examined the database with respect to recordings of precise power levels in the ULF/ELF spectrum and found that the correlations persist. 6.2.2.4 Literature Search for AC Correlations Mr. Charles Honorton of the Psychophysical Research Laboratories (PRL) has been subcontracted to conduct a detailed key-word parapsychology literature search for potential correlations between AC performance and external variables (e.g., personality, IQ), and to perform meta-analyses where ap- propriate. The meta-analyses portion of this task is complete: Clairvoyance and telepathy were ex- amined with regard to Ganzfeld studies, the results were inconclusive because of insufficient data. The details of this meta-analysis will be provided in the final report. A-4 Approved For Release 2000J981% 'Fffl&-FDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 W1 S Approved For Release 2000/08/08 CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 6.2.3 Theoretical Issues 6.2.3.1 Assessment of Theoretical Constructs Currently, one senior research physicist has been identified who is anxious to explore thermodynamic and general relativistic models to formulate hypotheses for the mechanism of AC. We have identified a systematic approach for the theoretical modeling. 6.2.3.2 Targeting As part of its subcontract, the PRL is nearing completion of a detailed design to explore the potential of a beacon as a targeting mechanism. In addition, the experiment, which is described in Section 6.2.2.2 above, explores the role of a sender in AC experiments. Mr. Honorton has designed an appropriate investigation to address the sender/no-sender condition in the Ganzfeld. 6.2.3.3 Communication We have designed a computer-based binary AC experiment that uses sequential analysis to enhance AC 'effects. The details of the experimental design ran be found in our technical protocol, which is under review by the SOC.5 Sequential analysis will improve a sample hit rate from a raw hit rate of 60% to an observed hit rate of 85%. We show in the technical protocol that this enhancement is 21% better than a one-in-three majority vote procedure. The experiment is nearly complete, and preliminary results indi- cate that some receivers are able to realize the predicted hit rate. 6.2.4 Altered States 6.2.4.1 Lucid Dreaming The Lucidity Institute has been subcontracted to conduct a pilot experiment to study AC in lucid dreams. The details of the experimental design can be found in our technical protocol, which is under review by the SOC.6 Experienced receivers and lucid dreamers will individually be given carefully double-wrapped and sealed targets drawn randomly from our standard set of National Geographic magazine photographs. With the aid of a DreamLight, a device to help induce a lucid dream, the experimental task is to ~ become lucid in a dream ~ open the sealed envelope (i.e., while still dreaming) ~ study its content ~ wake up and record the dream impressions Analysis of the responses will follow the standard protocol for rank order judging. As an introduction to lucid dreaming, the Lucidity Institute conducted a 3-day workshop in January for the participants in the experiment and a follow-up 1-day work shop in March. Thals began in late March. We have experienced some difficulty in this experiment because the frequency of lucid dreams has been lower than expected. We will, however, provide the analysis of the complete trials in the final report. A-5 Approved For Release 2000(M§g&-IfdRDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 L) 4 4 " 'Ll b! !U k..$- i ~4"4*_~ Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 6.2.5 Energetics 6.2.5.1 Anomalous Perturbation Protocol At the sponsor's request, SAIC provided two receivers to participate in an exploratory anomalous per- turbation (AP) experiment. The results of that exploration indicated that addition sessions must be conducted with similar AP target systems. 6.3 Applied Research 40 6.3.1 MEG Developments 6.3.1.1 Identification There has been no additional activity for this item beyond that reported earlier.4 6.3.2 Correlations/Pattern Analysis 6-3.2.1 Correlations We have used the fuzzy set database for the static targets that were used in the experiment, which is outlined in Section 6.2.2.2. We are currently examining the results of that experiment with regard to various levels in the target fuzzy sets.7 6-3.2.2 Beacon Conditions PRL has been subcontracted to conduct a test of the sender/no sender condition in Ganzfeld experi- mdnts. A protocol is currently being prepared for review by the SOC, and the laboratory is now com- pleted for the experiment. Mr. Honorton has designed protocols to test the role of the sender in the Ganzfeld environment. The protocols consider the results of the meta-analysis (see Section 6.2.2.4). 6.3.3 Training 6-3.3.1. Empirical Training Analysis An analysis of one in-use training procedure, which uses a stimulus-response protocol has been com- pleted. The results of that analysis will be provided in the final report. 6-3.3.2 Potential New Methods We have designed a potential new training methodology that is based upon subliminal perception. Background. Preconscious processing of sensory information may be responsible for much of the per- ceptual information that reaches conscious awareness. A trivial example is the processing of the left and right two-dimensional retinal images into a single three-dimensional cyclopean percept. Because the eyes view the world from different viewpoints, the two retinal images are not superimposable, and frequently contain different information about the external environment. In those abnormal instances where both retinal images reach conscious awareness, the viewer perceives diplopic images of the exter- nal environment, that is, he has double vision. The observations that the cyclopean image is not retino- topic for either eye and that the cyclopean image is created without conscious effort are strong support for preconscious processing of sensory information. A more significant example is provided by the Poetzi effect,8 in which an unperceived stimulus is capa- ble of evoking subsequent memories of having perceived the stimulus. Very often, the memories are A-6 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 :. CIA--RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Approved For Release 2000/YW~R K-DP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 distorted, but contain spatial, chromatic, textural, temporal, and contextual elements of the previously unperceived stimulus. This effect provides evidence of preconscious processing of not only the unper- ceived stimulus, but of its primitives in several domains, such as color. The most compelling evidence for preconscious processing is provided by a body of research commonly known as blindsight.9 Blindsight can occur when anatomical brain structures that are crucial to visual perception, such as the striatal cortex, have been destroyed, but the remainder of the visual system is intact. Under these conditions, any visual stimulus that falls on an area of the retina that projects to the destroyed area of the striate cortex cannot reach perceptual awareness. A person with this condition is blind in this area of the visual field. A large body of evidence, however, demonstrates that persons with this condition can respond to visual stimuli, even though they cannot see them. Furthermore, persons with blindsight can make visual discriminations, for example of form and color, without perceiving the form or color of the stimuli. Blindsight, then, is a compelling example of preconscious, or perhaps extra- conscious processing. Other evidence of preconscious processing can be found by comparing the sensory and perceptual thresholds. Ile sensory threshold can be determined physiologically by measuring the amplitude of a stimulus that elicits an identifiable signal in a receptor system, for example, a change in the firing rate of a sensory neuron. The perceptual threshold can be defined as that amplitude of the same stimulus that elicits a response indicating that the stimulus has been detected. It is a well-known phenomenon that the sensory and perceptual threshold can differ markedly.10,11 Thus, between the sensory and per- ceptual thresholds, the receiver is processing information that is below the perceptual threshold, that is, preconscious processing. The question of interest here is whether the perceptual threshold can be reduced so that it is closer to the physiological threshold. Several studies suggest conditions under which the perceptual threshold can be lowered to more closely approximate the sensory threshold. For example, changing the emotion- al content of the stimuli or the emotional state of the viewer has been shown to affect the perceptual threshold for subliminal StiMuli.12,13 Essentially, reducing the emotional state of the subject or elevat- ing the emotional content of the stimulus reduces the perceptual threshold. The question can now be refined further to ask whether the perceptual threshold can be reduced through training. Couched in terms of signal detection theory, the question can be posed: Can the subject's thresh- old be changed through training so that the subject can detect a signal at a lower signal-to-noise ratio? Here, again, the answer is yes. Detection thresholds have been found to respond to training protocols that use feedback on repeated trials to elevate sensitivity to previously unperceived visual cues.14,15,16 We propose to change the detection threshold through a program of repeated feedback. Purpose. This study has a two-fold purpose. The first is to assess the effects of training protocols on the detection thresholds for subliminal visual stimuli. 'Me second is to examine whether those subjects whose 'thresholds were lowered by training perform better on remote viewing tasks than subjects who have not been through the training. By using threshold-lowering training protocols, we will attempt to increase the sensitivity of human subjects to subliminal visual stimuli so that following training, stimuli that had been subliminal will be supraliminal. We will then determine whether there is a parallel in- crease in sensitivity to AC stimuli. A-7 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Unclassified 0 a U n cq Ca C) C1 Approved For Release 2000108108: CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Methods. Subjects will first be randomlylissigne -d to a subliminal-training group and a sham-training group. No subject will be informed of his status until both the training and remote-viewing portions of the study have been completed. Each subject in either group will be shown a series of target images that are presented tachistoscopically for approximately 10 milliseconds, alternating with a 5-second presentation of a masking stimulus. All target images will be below the subject's detection threshold, that is, they will be subliminal. Interspersed randomly among the subliminal stimuli will be an equal number of blank trials in which no target image is presented during the 10-millisecond presentation. Immediately following each presentation of either the blank or target stimulus, the subject will respond by pressing a button indicating either that he was aware that a target was presented or that he was un- aware. Essentially, the subject's task will be to report whether a target was presented. After each re- sponse, the subject will receive feedback about whether his response was correct or incorrect. The ex- perimental paradigm is shown in Figure 1. Stimulus subliminal stimulus no Internals awareness awareness Response yes no no Feedback correct incorrect Figure 1. Experimental Paradigm for Training. Subjects in the subliminal-training group will receive truthful feedback about their performance, whereas subjects in the sham-training group will receive random feedback. Because all stimuli will be sublin-dnal, sharn-training subjects should not be able to detect that the feedback is uncorrelated with the stimulL Feedback to the subliminal-training subjects is expected to reinforce the pathways identified by bold arrows in Figure 1. The proportion of "yes" responses under blank-trials conditions (i.e., sham-train- ing) will be used to estimate the guessing rate. Several hundred trials will be run, and cumulative performance measures, in terms of percentage of correct responses, will be calculated for each of the sham-trained and subliminally-trained subjects. Subjects from both groups will participate in a blind study of remote-viewing performance. A-8 Approved For Release 200010810Q,; C A-RDP96-00789 ROO 2900510001 -4 Unclassified. Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 6.3.4 Applications 63.4.1 New Approaches There was no activity for this item during the reporting period. 6-3.4.2 Communications We developed a technical protocol, which is currently under review by the SOC, that applies standard Bose- Chaudhuri-Hocquenghern (BCH) codes to AC analysis.17 The BCH code that was selected includes two message bits and three check bits and will correct for all single errors and some double error&4 Six receivers completed this experiment. The rank-order analysis did not demonstrate statistically significant evidence for AQ therefore, the BCH analysis was not successful at enhancing evidence for AC. This experiment, however, did indicate unforeseen difficulties with the particular protocol. Even though we attempted to prevent receivers from guessing the answers to the analysis questions, they reported that after the first trial, they were unable to function in their "normal" AC mode. In addition, we gained insight into the nature of successful target pool construction. The details of this experiment will be provided in the final reporL 63.4.3 Enhancement 01 In analyzing the results of all the experiments, we have gained valuable insight into the nature of what constitutes an AC target system. A general picture is emerging that suggests a target selection method that is sensitive to a possible fundamental limitation to the amount of information that may be gained by AC and is optimized with regard to specific intrinsic properties. Details will be provided in the final reporL 6.3.4.4 Analysis We have developed an adaptive fuzzy set procedure that may be applied to both laboratory and field ap- plications. In this procedure, the analysis of a current AC session is modified to include the statistical past 44 successes" of the specific receiver. The details of the technique will be provided in the final report. 6.4 Research Methodology 6.4.1 Scientific Oversight Committee The SOC was not involved during this reporting period. One member, however, did visit the laboratory and provided valuable addition to the MEG statistical analysis. 6.4.2 Institutional Review Board The Institutional Review Board did not meet during the reporting period. A-9 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Unclassified U led Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 AW Not all the terms defined below are germane to this report, but they are included here for completeness. In a typical anomalous mental phenomena (AMP) task, we define: ~ Anomalous Cognition-A form of information transfer in which all known sensorial stimuli are ab- sent. That is, some individuals are able to gain access, by as yet an unknown process, to information that is not available to the known sensorial channels. ~ Receiver-An individual who attempts to perceive and report information about a target. ~ Ageal-An individual who attempts to influence a target system. ~ Tar2et-An item that is the focus of an AMP task (e.g., person, place, thing, event). ~ Tar2et Desi2nation-A method by which a specific target, against the backdrop of all other possible targets, is identified to the receiver (e.g., geographical coordinates). ~ Sender/Beacon-An individual who, while receiving direct sensorial stimuli from an intended target, acts as a putative trarnsmitter to the receiver. ~ MQabur-An individual who monitors an AC session to facilitate data collection. ~ Sessm'-A time period during which AC data are collected. ~ ProtQLQI-A template for conducting a structured data collection session. ,4LQ=-Material that is produced during an AC session in response to the intended target' Feedback-After a response has been secured, information about the intended target is displayed to the receiver. Analvst-An individual who provides a quantitative measure of AC. Speciality-A given receiver's ability to be particularly successful with a given class of targets (e.g., people as opposed to buildings). A-10 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 Undassified Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 REFERENCES 1. E. C May and W. L. W Luke, "Technical Protocol for the MEG Investigation," Scientific Oversight Protocol, Science Applications International Corporation, Menlo Park, CA (August 1991). 2. S. Kay, Modem Spectral Estimation, p. 46, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall, (1988). 3. J. Cohen, Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (rev. ed.), Academic Press, New York (1977). 4. E. C. May and W L. W Luke, "Phenomenological Research and Analysis," Interim Report Covering 2/4/91-12/31/91, SAIC, Menlo Park, CA (February 1992). 5. E. C_ May, "Enhancing Anomalous Cognition of Binary Tirgets," Scientific Oversight Protocol, Science Applications International Corporation, Menlo Park, CA (December 1991). 6. E. C. May and S. LaBerge, "Anomalous Cognition in Lucid Dreams," Scientific Oversight Protocol, Science Applications International Corporation, Menlo Park, CA (December 1991). 7. E. C. May, J. M. Utts, B. S. Humphrey, W L W Luke, I J. Frivold, and V V. Trask,'Advances in Remote-Viewing Analysis," Journal of Parapsychology, Vol. 54. pp. 193-228 (September 1990). 8. 0. Poetzl, "The relationship between experimentally induced dream images and indirect vision," Monograph No. 7, Psychological Issues, Vol. 2, pp. 41-120 (1917). 9. L. Weisdrantz, Blindsight. A Case Study and Implications, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1986). 10. E. Gellhorn "Physiological processes related to consciousness and perception," Brain, Vol. 77, pp. 401-415 (1954). 11. B. Libet, W W Alberts, E. W, Wright, and B. Feinstein, "Responses of the human somatosensory cortex to stimuli below the threshold for conscious sensation," Science, Vol. 158, pp. 1597-1600 (1967). 12. N. F. Dixon and T E. Lear "Perceptual regulation and mental disorder," JoumalofMental Science, Vol. 108, pp. 356-361 (1962). 13. P Tfrer, P. Lewis, and I. Lee, "Effects of subliminal and supraliminal stress on symptoms of anxiety," Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, Vol. 166, pp. 611-622 (1978). 14. B. Bridgeman and D. Staggs "Plasticity in human blindsight," Vision Research, Vol. 22, pp. 1199-1203 (1982). 15. J. Zihl, "Blindsight: Improvement in visually guided eye movements by systematic practice in patients with cerebral blindness," Neuropsychobiologica, Vol. 18, pp. 71-77 (1980). 16. J. Zihl, and R. Werth, "Contributions to the study of 'blindsight' - Il. The role of specific practice for saccadic localization in patients with postgeniculate field defects," NeuropsychDbiologica, Vol. 22, pp. 13-22 (1984). .17. W L W Luke and E. C. May, "Enhancing Detection of AC vrith Binary Coding~' Scientific Oversight Protocol, Science Applications International Corporation, M6n1o Park CA (December 1991). A-11 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : Cl R P96-00789ROO2900510001-4 iinclasAffleT k~41 g~~j~)jjh K11(i -OW Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 APPENDIX B RECENT CONFERENCE HIGHLIGHTS 10 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 N ", I C, 111,"7~,.Ss-i I ied t Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROM0081VAgtlp-VVR N M ENT --r" LA A A -Laqh1fn -zz-, DATE: 23 Jun 92 Qmarpridum REPLY TO DTI-S ATTN OF: SUBJECT: Trip Report '~) -t-:r-- TO: DT Ref TDY orders TA -2 3 8 4, Tasker DT- 2 6 001Z 1. (U) PURPOSE: To attend the Eleventh Annual Society for Scientific Exploration (SSE) conference in Princeton, NJ, 11-13 June 1992. 2. (U) TRAVELERS: There were two DTI-S travelers: F01Ab3d Mr. 3-15 Dr. , GG-14 3. (U) PEOPLE CONTACTED: During the course of the SSE conference, contacts were made with leading international researchers, including one Russian, in parapsychological and related fields. A dialogue was established with several individuals who have extensive international networks with foreign researchers. 4. (U) DISCUSSIONS: a. (U) There were over thirty papers on various anomalous phenomena topics that included unusual geomagnetic effects, unusual biological interactions, recent parapsychological research, and a variety of historical investigations regarding consciousness issues. b. (U) Representatives of the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Laboratory (PEAR) made several presentations outlining the results of their research. A major thrust of their theoretical basis for the understanding of psychokinetic phenomena incorporates quantum mechanical theory. Some of the more interesting findings of their research include: 1) The process of psychokinesi-s may involve more of an exchange of information rather than of energy. They postulated that human consciousness, by adding information to a random environment, can cause the energy in that field to become more CLASSIFIED BY: DIA/DT DECLASSIFY ON: OADR NOT RELESABLE TO FOREIGN NATIONALS r-1 r-1 " T-1 T-1 OPTIONAL FORM NO. 10 /noFoRri (REV. 1-80) GSA FPMR (41 CFR) 101-11.6 5010-114 Approved For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO290051 0001-4 B-1 ApprOv'ed For Release 2000/08/08 : CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 coherent (similar to the col~erence of light in a laser beam) thereby producing physical effects. 2) Any physical model which attempts to explain psychokinetic effects musttake two factors into account if it is to be consistent with experimental results: a) The distance between the subject and the object is immaterial; i.e., the effects are not subject to the inverse-square law common to electromagnetic or gravitational effects. b) Time is immaterial in producing effects, i.e., a subject can affect an object either forward or backward in time. In this respect, psychokinesis is similar to remote viewing. c. (U) Dr. Hal Puthoff of the Institute for Advanced Studies in Austin, TX, presented the current state of his 4W investigations into quantum zero-point energy. According to him, if consciousness can in fact influence random vacuum energy as quantum theory seems to permit, then that energy could be restructured, giving a scientific basis for psychokinesis, healing, telepathy, and remote viewing. d.' (SINF) George Egely, a physicist from Hungary, mentioned that Dr. Eva Banyai, the head of the Psychology Department at Eotvors Lorand University, had developed a method of remotely hypnotizing people located in different rooms from the hypnotist. This apparent ability to remotely hypnotize a targeted individual could shed some light on current Russian work on remotely influencing human behavior. Dr. Banyai was trained in the United states, receiving her PhD at Stanford. e. (U) Dr. Egely also presented a highly unusual video of the odd effects of "ball lightning" that is surprisingly common in central Europe. A typical strike does not create fire or burn streaks; home destruction seems to be due to electric/magnetic repulsion effects. one highly unusual effect following such strikes is that metal bars, though not hot, are "softened", and can be easily bent. This is a temporary effect and is similar to anecdotal accounts of "metal softening" resulting from psychokinesis attempts. f. (U) Highly valuable contact was established with the center for Frontier Sciences at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. This group has extensive foreign contacts, including good connections with researchers in Russia. They were, in fact, involv6d in a recent long distance telepathy experiment (Novosibirsk to New York, NY) with researchers at the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Novosibirsk. B-2 Approved For Release 2010&'fMAlkWWilii789ROO2900510001-4 Approved For Release 2000/08/08: CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4 fil M Id IQ la io e hi "V confere (U) one of th gh 1whts of this nce was a tour of Dean Jahn's parapsychology laboratory at Princeton University. This was highly valuable and provided insight on his equipment, procedures, and methodologies. 5. U) RECOMMENDATIONS: a. (U) This was a highly valuable conference for first hand contact with domestic and foreign researchers in leading edge areas of science. Attendance should be planned for future SSE conferences. b. (U) Some of the networking groups, especially the one at Temple University, should be contacted to assist in our own data base work. This data base covers a broad spectrum of biophysics, bioelectronics, and parapsychological topics. FOIAb3d B-3 WOSHXR~-&R ft" / n 0 F 0 H rl Approved For Release 2000/08/08: CIA-RDP96-00789ROO2900510001-4