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l1';-::-1OtLMJDUM FOR R:,"COPEI
SUl'JECT SRI Trip R,@port: 17-18 June 1974
SG1 1 1. Bacl.@@r_ound and SUL::_,rar visited S@1,1 on 17 and
18 J'.Izle 1974, principally for the purposes of: examining the criteria used in tne
selection of paranoimal subjects and controls; deterInining precisely what arrange-
ments had b-c-2n made for exaTaining the subjects in the 'basic research' context;
establishing procedures for the reporting of all relevant data to us; and discuss1nl-
such other 'basic' and 'applied' research issues as seemed appropriate. Vie met for
about eight hours with bissrs Jones, Puthoff and Targ oh 17 June and for one hour
with the latter two on 18 June. Despite what appeared to be conceptual problems
on the part of Pathoff and Targ, relating largely to the kinds of rigorous researc"
disciolines ,.,hich we were espousing as essential for the project, the discussions
were business-like and well-focused and seemed to be useful for all concerned.
2. Selection and Categorization of Subjects. After five months of effort SRI
has selected only five of the nine subjects: the three super-stars, one of the three
mid-stars and one of. the three controls. Vie stressed that significant and useful
the basis of
rc_@earch could co=-cnce only after they'd made definitive selections on/spocific
and consisterlL criteria. One of the problems here. seems to be the fact that Pathof'f
and Targ have been more interested in the testing and enhancing of psychic po;Iers
than in the establishment of rigorous research procedurcs-.jith the corsequence tha-,,
as they've perceived ostensible improvements in the psychic po,,,ers of their ' contr3is
they've tended to slide thaill up into the psychic categories. Given their basic be-IL-ef
that everyone has psychic abilities, this could be a never-endin., process. @-le stressed
that weld like to see all nine subjects designated by the end of July and they und@artoc'z
to do so. We then spent several hours defining the three categories and specifyin.:-
the pre-selection tests and criteria used in screening the subjects.
a. Scrocnin7, Tests and Criteria. All subjects will haie been testE-f or,
five 'paranoi-iial' tasks. Those tasks, toCothcr with tile related protocols and
criteria, %,,ere defined as follows.
(1) "Uhc Random Uumbprs, Machine (testinf; lclzlirv@)yallccl): The basic
rcreenin-, tcsl@ will consist of 1000 trials (25 trials per run, 8 rLUIS per d,)%,
for 5 (1,@Y@@) and, thou"'ll many qubjt@,,-(-s have gone well. 1,,c@yond 10131) trials alrc-,t@y,
MI will, report to 11@-. (Inta and values oil our n1no .-!ubjoct@; `_ztrt on thr_- "'i-st
loot,) In tA.0, oo!ltext of 1,11"Ir 1,7@,
SA project" ov'). n-ople hrkv@:? b"'Cli
tc-@.;Lcd uit Lhis machi.r.@@; Lh, claut (copl.,2s ot, which wil] he ";QnI, tn 117.) 11c.".
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will. ,;oon be urL,@@blh;hcd on th.3 bU!AS, of this analysisT rocOnL cu,:"ss
lie T)
is WIA criteria will be on the ordur of lo -6
(2) 0013 or li-2.-note Vi e,,., i n g
(tpstinf@ for t.olep:itlky and/or cl_@irvo'.,-ance):
The basic screciling test qill consist of 6 trials (lasting about one-half :,.cur
each), one per day; criteria for psychic perfo,.-ianec level will soon be es ab-
lished but, in any case, it was agreed that results would have to be at least
at the .01 level. It was also agreed that a pool of 20 new sites would be used
for each subject; we also discussed the desirability of replacing used sites in.
subsequent trials for each given subject and, while no definite a@reement was
reached, it may be that SRI will do so. We spent considerable time discussing
the judging procedures, the salient points being: the same five judges (all
chosen by Mr Cox and representing a 'hostile' to 'friendly, spread with resLect
to paranormal research) will be used on a permanent basis; each judge works
independently, is given a list of the sites which were randomly selected for
the subject and copies of his transcripts; he visits each site and selects the
best matching transcript; at the present time a plurality vote (i.e., 2 or more)
of the judges, accurately na
tching 4 (or 5) of the 6 sites, is considered si@nif
icant--but, as noted, precise criteria will be specified by SRI in the near
future.
(3) EEG-Remote Stimulus (Strobe Light)(testing for telepath via psycho-
2hysiologic indicators): The basic screening test will consist of 8 runs, 20
trials per run. A 'sendingg' subject is exposed to randomly selected stimmius
(a 16 herz light for 10 seconds) or non-stimulus, with one ininuto inter-trial
intervals; the 'test' subject is in a shielded room and, upon hearing a 'blip,
signal on the intercom, has to call stimulus or non-stimulus; both subjects are
being EEG-monitored and (aside from his calls) they are watching for alpha
reduction in the test subject during the stimulus periods. Heretofore SRI
had been averaging only the "S" and "ITS" alpha production for comparison
purposes but they ,.till now also average the inter-tiial alpha for use as the
subjQct's base-line. Criteria for psychic level performance ia now set at
the .01 level and %till be confirmed by SRI.
(4) @@ -in Fnvelones (tcstin,-, for clairvoyance): One run of 10 trials,
with the stimulus cards (sinaple line drawin,s of ordinary object,.-,) selected
randomly and double-blind from a pool of 50; the subject draws his responses
a,_,in, -y;
nn(3 may, if lie wi-shes, supplur,,ifnt the dr, -, by written co:nrnenl.az his
rospon,@(@s are ncored indcpcndent.1y by two jud,es. Vv! (,.ritcria for psychic
levc.] will be _'Ot L@,' SNI IML i., 1101-7 tC,11L@LIAVCAY at Ule@ .01 level.
in, s.; C
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screeni L 11 i I I cot" @;iS t 01' u (41,1@ -1-LOU11' I: LU I, with rna, !@ i-n-Z
'work' and 11,est, cyclcs; during the cix 'uorkl periods thc subject is i.-,stru.-_-_aj1
on a randorlily-selected basis, to increase or docreas@? the amplitude (not the
frequency) of the pondulu-m's state. Considerable tLine was Spent discussing
the protocol in terms of how one could most accurately measure states -and e-ffects--
with the consensus being that it would be best to compare the last 6 cycles of
the 'work' period with the last 6 cycles of the preceding 'rest' period. The
tentative criteria for psychic level performance, to be confirmed by SRI, is
two standard deviations on 4 out of the 6 'work' periods. SRI ,.,as* quite i-n-Pressed
by the gradiometer's sensitivity and found it a sufficiently useful adjunct to
the pendulum experiment to investigate the Possibility of acquirin.- one of
their oi-m; barring that, they might try to use SRI's magnetometer. They had
several anecdotes about two of their subjects' prowess with this device (one of
them allegedly having sent the scale soaring off the paper by telephone) but, not
wanting to be exposed to the subjects, we declined invitations to observe
experiments.
(Note: With respect to all of the above testing, SRI was informed that--as far
as our nine ultimate subjects were concerned-i7e wanted to see all the raw test
scores and not n'ierely probability statements on the results.)
b. Definition of Subject Categories. All nine subjects will be submitted
to all five of the above tests. Their placement as super-stars, mid-stars or
controls will be determined on the following basis.
_EL-r Stars: Those who "consciously" perform at higb lp' values (e.g.,
10-6) on-at least one of the five tasks.
(2) Mid Stars: Those who are only at chance on the "conscious" level but
are at high 'pl value on the "unconscious" physiological dimension--i.e., on the
EEG (and/or GSR, plethysmograph) test described in a(3), above.
(3) Controls: Those who did not exceed chance within the prescribed
number of trials on any of the tasks.
(Note: tie stressed, and SRI agreed, that once a subject is placed in a given
category he is to remain in that catc,-ory for the duration of the projec@--no
matter what apparent inercase or decline of powcrs they mi[rht observe.)
3. Status of Arram,enwrits for Fxaminin@ Subjects. We discussed the critical need
to finalize all the arran,,cments and bei.6n proccssjn,,,, Lit least their 'control,,' throll.,_711
the eiAi.re batLery of LesL.@; within thL.- YL-IL month. SET app,:rtred to concur fully and,
as a lwat;Lcr of fact, 111orit (if Lhn arranf,,c@rw@,rfts do now soe!@i to be well in hand; it is
now a qkl,:@;Liori ol, 1@(@w th,y l'ol-low-11P 1@y cu@;!@]@n,- Lho@ irt, lit i o"
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and by s-Gtill" UP aald Cb:,-:-;irr- PrOc,@@',urcs for th-_air
It Would aPpear that the will is
th,21:- (@hi@y are, LV,@11 too op
the Si0lifir'ance of the evidence that mi.-iat accr@jo f"0111 the phYsical and psychoioEic@,
examinations) but the organization and d'sci.Dline might 'still be
lacking. In a@V case,
the status is as follows.
a. Psycholo,-.ical and Behavioral Exa:@.iina@ions. Under the white tab (-_-:t@'2h@d)
is a chart SRI had prepared on the psychological testing to be performed- -showin@, fo-r
each subject the status with respect to all tests. Color-coded to reflect the entit-y
responsible for administering each test, the lower circle in each box (vhen filled lin)
signifies that the arrangements have been made--while the upper circle (when filled in)
signifies that.the test has already been administered to that subject. On 17 JkLne 211-
Puthoff visited the Palo Alto Medical Clinic and came back with the report that, in
the psych -behavioral field, they will also be able to administer the follo-@,7in,g: Luscher
Color Test, Rorschach, 1,24PI, Omnibus (we confirmed that we wanted both 1,24PI and the
Omnibus), Witkins Fiela Dependency, In-Depth Intervie-s.,@s- -and that all the psych test---g
done at PAMC will be administered by one individual and scored blind by another. Further
SRI will administer: Suggestibility Tests, Flicl'@er-Fusion and, possibly, a Sil gnal
Detection Test. lele asked them to prepare a new Psych-Behavioral matrix sheet--s-owing
all of the tests definitively agreed upon--and to use that format in report_J-,@ pro-r=ss
with each monthly report. We also confirmed for theni (vhich they seemed not to have
SG1 I realized) that ould not be doing the WAIS in the future--but that i.,,e wou .Id b e
2 -Pe-,r it@ s
content with. the WAIS administered by PA1.1- All in all, although there are a -
on our original list which have not been satisfied, this battery of tests and inter@'-i'e-.-s
should be adequate for our purposes - -part J_ cularly since, after studying all of t1ne
evidence on all subjects, there's no reason why @,;e couldn't call for a limited n=ber
of specific and more discriminating tests on all of them. Also (see the blue tab) SRI has
adopted Mocd Adjective & Semantic Differential Checklists for use on each testin@ da@'
b. Mie di cal -Phys i c al -Sen sory Examinations. The PAIMC will handl,
L
all of these examinations, including. in-depth medical history interviews; a thorcugh
EEG and
medical examination (of the periodic checkAp type); a complete/CNS uork-up; full blcc@d
and urine analysis; chromosome count and analysis; protein broak-down analysis; Lye and
car examinations, testing to each subject's cx@trcmc capability; plottin-, of entirc
vi-sual response field, with different colors; and they will farm-out the CrN res-onsc
testin., to Stanford (SRI undertook to determine for u.@, the details on Stanford's
procedures and conditions). Further, FM@2 is able to perfonn in braLn-scc-n, .1
low X-ray dosat,,ti c%:amina Lion of 6 1A_ain.-; of the brztin, at an additional cost, of
lv@r -mbject; we urged and they arrcccl that t.be E!H don@_, nnly if '@:Flc@ oltwarl,.
indicated that it b,-, warrallLed. Th.-2 co@-'t rol, all of )Y,.!-:C'S -'.-ork cn
("tch :@;7(,() to
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that, in th'? cont@JxIt of o"tr rc Only for the C,.--amination,,
thcrasclves@ and that any inedical condi.1tionz which ntiE;U be uncovered could be I)ursu,:d
by the subject only at his o,.ni expense. Perhaps the best news was .,rhat Dr Puthoff
reported of the PAMC interest in this .,,ork. They appear to be eager to do a thorou@@h
job, are rather excited about the pro@ipocts of working in this field, have a feel for
the kinds of evidence which might be important to us and are determined to handle it
all on a clean, scientific. basis--i. c. , insofar as practicable the interpretations
will be done blind and each department (under the chairmanship and coordination. of
Dr Armbruster) will not only provide the raw data but will also prepare a definitive
report on each subject--callin-- special attention to any significant variations from
the normal population, as vell as watchin.g for any variations or correlations within
our group of subjects. The only thin-a of apparent consequence that PA1,C can't handle
is 'visual testing in IR and UV and, frankly, I do not recall whether we made any other
provision for that. SRI was asked to prepare a medical matrix similar to the attached
psychological one and use it in reporting future progress to us.
c. 1,Lid-Paranor.,ral-Exnerim-eiit Testing. After obtaining normal baseline
data on each subject, SRI will perform nid--Darano,-z,.al-experimenting testing on each
of then during the course of the post-selection protocols (see para 4, below, for
discussion of those tasks); this testing -will consist of: EEG readings (both ri.-ht and
left hemisphere, focusing on Alpha, Beta slid Theta waves); GS,R; and Plethysmo.-raph.
As indicated above, there is also a possibility that SRI will obtain its own gradio-
meter or magnetometer--in which case, presumably, it will also be used to monitor
the subjects during perforritanec of their psychic tasks. Again, we asked SRI to prenare
a matrix for use in reporting the status of such testing with each subject.
4. Post-Selection Paranormal TeLLInE. 'Nithout wanting to encroach upon OTS'
'applied' research domain, there was nevertheless some discussion of the kinds of tasks
which the nine subjects will be expected to do after selection (and during which they
would be examined as stated in Para 3.c., above). Recognizing that CTS right redcfire
these tasks or specify entirely different ones, it was generally agrLd that thcy would
likely fall into four broad areas.
a. Remote Viewinf, of Sccnes/7vents. Sii--iilar to the WB experiments bci.n--
run for screening purposcs, to the extent that security considerations peimut the lutur
tests would hopefully be more operaUonal_ly oriented--i.o., focus on @-pecific hard-tarl,-2t
sites. ' For ;libjcct.- who are not cleared, the tas`,@s mi-1hL take the fonri, for inoLance,
of 'JocaUng, subject..', who are tryin.- to c,vado dutec-tion--and we discussed scvcral
possibIc @;C,!llario', ""hich inic:ot, the, rro-.,,r for such
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11@ 1@iT 11 op onal ,.,Pp1icaLJ1e11-e.i.. , location of _'c"..1c
I-..D.!, :tn rci,-@y and chan@,in- the state. SRI also mentioned that i t;
to corir-@Itruct taslo ii,volvin@; biological (sinCle-cell. ni1tclla.-) and bacteriological
whose sLatc-changes as a consequence of PK perturbation co-_@_'.d 'ce
prec.usoly measur@_-d.
c. Cluirvoyance-ESP. Bere the focus mi,lt be on safes/locls/a-tacle cases-
with, for instance, the subject required to perceive the contents or determine t-e
unlock,ing combination.
d. Remote Asscs2ments. In which the subject would be req@ired to ascertain
the emotional and/or physical state, feelings or attitudes, of a subject remotely--
either with or without stimulus objects (photographs, etc).
5. Renorting. It was pointed out that, though we are approaching the end of the
fifth month of effort, we've seen only two 'monthly' reports. SRI stated that the
third was in preparation. We told them that we'd like to see in the next re-port (i.e.,
the fourth one, by the end of July) at least the follo,,,Tin.- the data:
a. Status on the screening of (hopefully) all nine subjects and the
. ...... pre-selection test data on each;
b. definitive statements on the pre-selection protocols and the
psychic lcvel criteria employed;
c. definitive statements on the criteria employed for placing subjects
in the super-star, mid-star and control catep
.@ories;
d. matrices on the status of (1) psychological-behavioral, (2) medical-
sensory and (3) mid-experiment testing; and
e. samcwhat more precise statements on the nature of the psychic tasks
to be used in the post-selection testing phase.
6. Other Mattors. PuLhoff and Targ will be going to New York for a con-ference
about mid-August and it ,vis agreed that they would stop for iocetings with us on the
way. Their 'internal' Blue Hibbon panel has not rcally been used on our project; as
they explained it, the panel is invoked only in the event of major policy decisicns or
@,.-hcn thcre is soi;@.e significant problem or crisis. Thoy are, howover, in tha prccCss of
identifyin[@ and. recvuiting, an 'external' panel of c1,c,-,s_Ctiscipline experts and
would br@ u@,ed to i@@ips on )-c-scarch desi(;n and procedures used in our projcct. It
projcct--a1t!@Ou1,-,`1, if
rucd, oiice and for all, LhLL URI would not be includc-d @n ClUr
t1loy CIO te.,A him oil their own with UPS, S/W cards), t,1,L,_,y'.1l provide us with tl.--
ISG1 I JuU't rr-p'lrot.Cly. Wo loc;!"ud 0, IT's on C-z1:er]:i1e1iL W.Ith it
SG1 1 Int,17'-d 1,1.ctAy )ia@; sincc con.F1r,.,.--d Uii_@
SG 11
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