Science Applications International Corp. -(415)322-7960- Created: Tuesday, June 20,199508:06- Pagel of 5 ------------------- ----------------- The Cognitive Sciences Laboratory A 330 Cowper Street, Suite 200, Palo Alto, CA 94301 An I Voice: 415.327.2007 - Fax 415.322.7960 two An Employee-Owned Company e-mail: may@,hildegard.saiemp.com Date: 19 June 1995 SG1 I To: I From: Edwin C. May, Ph.-U. Re: "Top-ten" List I have been asked to find "the 10 primary studies or reports developed under the subject program...that make the best case for establishing the validity of the paranormal phenomena known as Remote Viewing. " This memorandum is in response to that request. Background Although the request seems straight forward at the outset, to establish the existence of Remote Viewing on the basis of a subset of the total data set does not conform to the ,3^.-ar%tar1 ""M;^ao fr%*- @at_nn -Axw;o oa cat fr%rtb irt P rwa"tbol f 100 IN o"A T-TaA "aa o"A C)lt-;,n Approved For Release 2003/09/16: CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200190044-9 Science Applications International Corp. - (415) 322-7960- Created: Tuesday, June 20,199508:06- Page2of5 ------------------ AliprDmed Enr Pte@,2003AW46& -@ -CAA-RDP96-_ee79tRDGMD TSM4T-T ----------------- The average effect size (i.e., a standardized measure of the magnitude of the effect-See Rosenthal, 1991) for forced choice AC experiments is approximately one order of magnitude smaller than for free-response AC experiments. Thus, it is likely that different criteria might be set to establish the validity of these two different procedures. Two common approaches have been used in psychology and parapsychology to research behavioral phenomena. One emphasizes random selection of subjects, and the other examines the phenomenon with specialized subjects. These approaches answer different questions: How is the phenomenon distributed in the population? and What are the properties and mechanisms of the phenomenon? In other reviews of AC, studies are weighted in favor of the first approach (Radin and Nelson, 1991), however, our approach is nearly exclusively oriented to working with a relatively stable set of special subjects. These different approaches might also require different standards for the evaluation. If part of the evaluation is oriented toward assessing whether AC can be used on problems nf NTnt;r%inn1 ;"tprpqt thpn ;t ;,- ;mr%^rtwnt tf% rPV111174- thAt Cf%l;fl P%7;r1Pn,-^ fr%r A(' ;Q nf-;thPr A Approved For Release 2003/09/16: CIA-RDP96-00791ROO0200190044-9 Science Applications International Corp. -(415)322-7960- Created: Tuesday, June 20,199508:06- Page 3 of 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Appiaved Fai Release -2eeaffl9M6-.-Ghk-RBP%-W,94 R6eG2GO+NQ44--9 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- From this same time period I select the formal study from within: 2. May, E. C. and Trask, V. V. (1989). Forced-Choice Viewing. Final Report, Project 129 1. SRI International, Menlo Park, CA. Guessing binary target is one of the most difficult AC tasks. - The formal portion of this report describes a cross-country, 50 trial experiment that was monitored by two government representatives. A 76% hitting rate was achieved. In spi te of the small n, I have selected this study because of its careful protocol design and extreme methods to eliminate the potential of non-AC leakage of information-a characteristic of the SRI research. Another example of successful AC and methodological care is our tachistoscope study. We posited that the quality of AC would depend upon the intensity of the feedback at the end of each trial. This precognitive model was not verified in the study although two of the four receivers produced significant results and the study showed significant evidence for an information transfer anomaly overall. 3. May, E. C., Lantz, N. D. and Piantineda, T. (1994). Feedback Considerations in A tte%@,A%iio n-F Approved For Release 2003/09/16 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200190044-9 Science Applications International Corp. - (415) 322-7960 -Created: Tuesday, June 20,199508:06- Page4of5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -ApprovErd-ParRelease-2elBS109M-&-~-ehOc-REH'96-W-91R-NG2G&V-4GO44-9 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - S. Puthoff, H. E. and Targ, R. (1975). Perceptual Augmentation Techniques Part Two: Research Report. Final Report, Document FF-78-45. Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA. SECRET. I submit two examples described within this document: (1) the large gantry and (2) and the West Virginia site by receiver S1. I suggest that the descriptions in this report and any other supporting material on these examples that may exist be provided to the reviewers. 6. May, E. C. (1989). AN Application Oriented Remote Viewing Experiment. Final Report, Project 2740. SRI International, Menlo Park, CA. This was a tes t-bed trial to simulate an application and to determine the degree to which specific elements in a technical setting can be sensed by AC. The report describes the protocol for data collection and a post hoe fuzzy set analysis; however, I submit the drawings and the corresponding target photographs on pages 11, 12, and 13 in the report in conjunction with the protocols as part of the prima facie evidence. The complete transcript of the session can be found at the end of the document. Q&%1g%n#%gh 1n+,&rn,&*i^n,&1 11001-11111AI Approved For Release 2003/09/16 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200190044-9 Science Applications International Corp. -(415) 322-7960- Created: Tuesday, June 20,199508:06- Page 5 of 5 ------------------ *ppTaved- For Refewm-20NfMW:-- 6fA-RDP9&G&7914:NM2G090G44-9 ------------------- GLOSSARY Not all the terms defined below are germane to this report, but they are included here for completeness. In a typical anomalous mental phenomena (AMP) task, we define: ~ Anomalous Cognition CAQ -A form of information transfer in which all know sensorial stimuli are absent. That is some individuals are able to gain access to information by an as yet unknown process. This is also known as Remote Viewing (RV) and Clairvoyw=. ~ Agent-An individual who attempts to influence a target system by mental means alone. ~ Analyst-An individual who provides a quantitative measure of AC. This individual usually is blind to experimental conditions and the intended target. ~ Anomalous Perturbation (AP)-A form of interaction with matter in which all known physical mechanisms are absent. That is, som e individuals are able to influence matter by an as yet unknown process. This is also known as Psychokinesis (PK . ~ Beacon-An individual who, while receiving direct sensorial stimuli from an intended target. acts as a focus of attention for the receiver in AC exneriments. Approved For Release 2003/09/16 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200190044-9 Approved For Release 2003/09ff%5F-R'6P'96-00791 R000200190044-9 :ORD JUN 20 '95 11:13RM DATE ST ART RE MOTE T ERMI NAL MODE TIME RESULTS TOTAL DEPT. FILE TI ME ID ENTIFI CATI ON PAGES CODE NO. JUN 20 11:07AM CSL-ED MAY G3DR 05)'53" E 06 ERROR MESSAGE PAGE(S) NOT RECEIVED P-01,P-02,P-03,P-04,P-05, ERROR CODE(S) 0-22,0-22,0-22,0-22,0-22,0-06j, Approved For Release 2003/09/16 CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200190044-9 Approved-For ReMse 2003/09/16: CIIRC6-00791 RODD200190044-9 I I -pax I ransmiti over Sheet SG1 I To: ORD From: Edwin C. May, Science Applications International Corp. Fax Phone Number: (415) 322-7960 Date: Tue, Jun 20, 1995 - 08:07 Transmitting (6) pages, Including cover sheet. If there Is difficulty with this transmission, please call: (415) 327-2007 SG1 I Note: here are mytop 10 best. I believe this list totally avolds the file drawer problem anc at the same, time reduces what must be examined. SG1 I SG1 I r\ Approved For Release 2003/09/16 : CIA-RDP96-00791 R000200190044-9