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Paragraph 5 lists the areas in which
the member-states of the Economic Community
agree to reconcile their economic laws and
carry out a coordinated policy. They are:
entrepreneurship; the market for goods and
services; transport, power engineering and
information; the money and banking system;
finances, taxes and prices; the capital and
securities market; the labor market; cus-
toms rules and tariffs; foreign economic
relations and currency policy; standardiza-
tion, patenting, metrology, statistics and
accounting; and state scientific-technical,
investment, ecological, humanitarian and
other programs (including programs for
eliminating the consequences of natural and
other disasters) which are of common inter-
est to the Economic Community. Paragraph 3
stipulates that relations between the Eco-
nomic Community and former states of the
USSR which remain outside the community
shall be structured on the basis of gener-
ally recognized principles and norms of
international law, and that questions of
common interest which require settlement
shall be decided by special agreements be-
tween the community and the other states
involved.
The founding of a Banking Union on the
principles of a reserve system is provided
for and the functions of this union are
listed in Chapter Four. Article 24 pro-
vides for creating a number of special
funds within the framework of the Economic
Community's budget, including a fund for
targeted programs and a fund for emergency
situations and eliminating the consequences
of natural and other disasters. Chapter
Nine stipulates, among other things, that a
council of heads of governments of the mem-
ber-states shall be the highest coordinat-
ing agency of the Economic Community. The
functions of an Interstate Economic Commit-
tee operating as the executive-managerial
agency of the community are defined. Chap-
ter Ten lists specific questions in regard
to which agreements among the member-states
shall be concluded after the treaty is
signed. Chapter Twelve contains provisions
in regard to sanctions against member-
states which violate the treaty, procedures
for ratification of the treaty and special
agreements within its framework, and admis-
sion of new member-states and states with
observer statu's to the Economic Community.
Article 64 stipulates that the treaty shall
go into effect after being signed and rati-
fied by at least three of the states which
wish to join the community.
*See the Daily SNAP, October 17, 1991, p.
3, col. 1
(SNAP 911018)
Author: Volkov, 0.
Title: SCIENTISTS DIVIDED OVER VALIDITY OF
PSYCHOLOGICAL-WEAP-ONS R&D

Primary Source: Komsomolskaya pravda, Sep-
tember 27, 1991, No. 222 (20222), p. 2,
cols. 2-4
Abstract: The artigle rgpkqs_pn contro-
vLe~ro~yer r~qsearch of unconve
          ical fiel.~i_ - ___11091141_-PhY~7
-and-n-t-li-t-arv aDDlications of
     lieve that c otroni Ic aenerators' based
     6'5--n_ew"-_p1Ry- rinc e use'd for
     s
        i es can b
............
        1~61 6 PnI
nt
rem,:5 apd behav-
ior,,, andjh~kt cLrigin 'al_weapons,for this
purpose can be developed on the basis-9f,
ra ors o rsion)" 9r"micro-
IEP-t6ii77f i n, Parti c6lar. Other - S--C'l -
entists are highly skeptical of such re-
search.
It is recalled that a resolution enti-
tled "On the Unsound Practice of Financing
Pseudoscientific Research out of State
Sources" was published, together with an
opinion submitted by the USSR Academy of
Sciences' department of general physics and
astronomy, on July 4 of this year. The
USSR Supreme Soviet's Committee on Science
and Technologies issued this resolution.
It accused several ministries ofspending,
wftffi6iff ~a r ex ert review,, a f a bil-
p go _T
Mn rubles on
scientific dey p]nor or
tl2pments involving 's
microlept n ie-lds with which scientists
ar-e-ATreadi-familiar. The resolution -named
the, USSR_Via ~, of Defens -(Min6-------
1stM. e, b
jl qnry)
U~~_'
the in .- o uclear Power Engi.-
ft-ecring ap
, _4_1nd -ustry-, Ve US State Secur-
Ltj Commi,,tt6e'_T and
1 ita----'f dustrii R, Qa~ -1 net __ of
rv- _n-_____i1.._Co"1T!jji-6n
Ministers
            a-s-clients ands rs.of thl.s work-_Ngu
....2pQnso
than 20 institutes wter&_1:Aga1Lf!ed_aa__exe_c-
utor_s_'a-nd-de-e o
RR-eSs First on_this i
was the 'Ok"'ni Sciencea,'
I rai._#qJ_gLdgRy
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stitute of Material_s7$,gJ_ertCg
w lc is headed by academician Trefilov.
The interagency scientific-technical c nter
n "'Iff -or m e ~r,l y or_Y%convq1-
"e e C ter
t7i -on-aT - T e-c Fn 6-1 o g i e s_of ___ f1W,_US_S_k State Com-
mittee"f"o"'r'-""-'S'-c'i'e- q' --
           e was.
gp, ,,Ap_--_Tec n _,9gy
fd__ e-Jn_f`i_f-_J_eiFas
                  eaf f im
engage in irei--
    velopments in the area of un-
e J
n According-t-6
con I unveri-
__Byf~_JLp
fied data from A. Akimov, director of this
center, the cost of unconventional-field
projects-Ya*-s-gee-hn'2-~'3'-"'m'i-'Ili6n,,rubles in Min-
o or~no s sect 1A le h
Rn_4_9ne,,, i e o
-a-5-Unt `wElr-chfias been aTl -oc~~W_ for such
:iZ-
     eSea~,&---
mbroug' al of"'the dif er an-
J- Mtic
neT_s
is as great as 506 ~million-R 5e
, b
---'Se-eking-"m-o""r''e"-'i"n'fo-'rm--'ati-o-~-n---a--Y(o-u---t---'u-.n-con-
ventional-fields research and the purposes
of this research, the author spoke to an
associate of the USSR Supreme Soviet's Com-
mittee on Science and Technologies and sub-
sequently went to the armed forces' General
Staff. He was told that the committee had
received no information in this regard from
Minoborony, the KGB or other agencies in-
volved. Representatives of the General
Staff referred the author to the USSR Acad-
emy of Sciences' Section on Problems of Ap-
plied Science. Nikolay Prudnikov, deputy
chairman of this section, said that it
sometimes orders projects to be carried out
for the General Staff, but he disclosed no
details of this work. One spSJLproJgct,
which wa§,called
uaTiA`zation_Y, is mentioned. It is recalled
t'K-atin 1986 a scienii im c_ rUg-a_r_c7kJ7Afl
I I - -, , J_
fu_t_ei_nf _oF~_ea_! academy's se~cjj_U__that
, "I - I ~~, 11 -1 -
tfi-i-,i Of 11-Rut ,e-._~w-as-1p-repa red' "t"o, carr
                       y out
'Wi-s p
iri-q'jedc"t. An ass6'61ate of the i~ftion
t
N67'k -'e about the project was not
w new mor
available for questioning, however. At the
"Vent" center, the author was told that di-
rector Akimov was away on a business trip.
Ye. Aleksand __c_orr_e.spond_tng_.,mQMber
-of the U ;SR

-entific oDponent of Akimovls~,, sent the au-
tfi~&~T`r`e-o`r t-o-f -tlie--11-1
tional Terh,RpJq91j.~~.
document, the,cqntq
engaged
t nce J S1 In., research
nq' s a _prq~dLkc i Qd
           logical and ps chophysical eftqqts.,on
"y
i 7rQQ Fi7a n _dh e-p 0 p u I a t i Q r S ip"n
on, uqv1,g, W
i,ti.-research of medi7
radiations; And 4J,s o
- - -Qf,
I-W lo ica-3--pro A4
og-jQW;
22p tpction -t.ugps, a
I a~~J ~g4ins __e fgja h
tions. Aleksandrov exDressed AQyb-t
- J ~__ - --_ ~ 7 1 -1 W
Ft _capa6"1_eo'f produ i,ng such effects
e~~ipmen c
can e devei`60-e-RT_.-_-A` I-ef -`r~ ' 'which the edi -
I ette-
WoFs-Fe-cefi-6d 'from Aleksandrov is quoted,
in which the scientist denounced research
of unconventional fields as pseudoscien-
tific, citing a decision of the academy's
department of general physics and astrono-
my. Aleksandrov we
        it, so e
state eqLqrpr1sqs of p in fj
r9ducjg_ fake
generators" a q1_1in e
114L§~ __g them to dl. fenU
79,eMc Arg9,__Wrq§-
Scientists who hold,9pposing_,XJ:e_KS of
unconv('erKV'6-n,a_l_-,_ fle--l" d`_s__r;e'search'_ reportedly
i-nic7ludi~-C- who - it's -be i-iev ed -,-i.o
b-e-w-o-rFif~n-~--g'-'-fff'th'i's' direct-i66
--f-ea-s I- s',si d
g, cQjgp . ","and, ha gne. an,--interna-
tional convention on,t,4~ t191)z,,g 11R g
weapons": A.Veynik, corresponding member
ZT_tKe__Bel&_r-us'sian Academy of Sciences, who
has put forward a number of theories; and
other academy figures, who have published
works abroad. The author suggests that the
Academy of Sciences organize a roundtable
discussion on the topic of psychological
weapons, with all sides in the controversy
represented.
(SNAP 911018)
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3
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