@K#D.OC)9_3 9
  Approved For Release -2001/03/07
  CPYRGHT
  Author: Klyuyev, V., Professor, vice-
  president of the 10th International
  Conference on Nondestructive Testing
  Title: COMMENTS AT CLOSE OF CON-
  FERENCE' ON NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING
  Primary source: Izvestiya, August
  28, 1982, No. 240 (20221), p. 3,
  cols. 4-5
    CIA-REM
  7 00 7 Pill' b05 80023--S
  @"k C)
       part
  In our country, a great deal of
  attention is devoted to the devel-
  opment and introduction of mean's of
  nondestructive testing and diagnosis.'
  Specialized institutes have been
  created: the Scientific Research
  Institute of Introscopy (Moscow),
  the Institute of Physics of Metals
  of the USSR Academy of Sciences'
  Urals Research Center (UNTS AN SSSR).
  the Belorussian Academy of Sciences'
  Institute of Applied Physics, and
  others. Scientists of the USSR
  Academy of Sciences, industry re-
  search institutes, educational in-
  stitutions and industrial enterprises
  are pursuing a broad front of research
  on methods of nondestructive testing
  based on the use of all types of
  physical fields and radiation. We
  are proceeding to the conprehensive
  evaluation of the quality of products
  according to numerous parameters
  simultaneously, through the use of
  various physical phenomena and analysis
  of results by computers.
       Held in conjuction with the con-
  ference was the international exhibi-
  tion "Introskopiya-82", in which.
  more than 35 foreign firms that
  manufacture and develop instruments
  and equipment for nondestructive
  testing participated.
  Extract: From August 23 to 27, the
  10th International Conference on
  Nondestructive Testing was held at
  the Moscow International Cent6r of
  Trade and Scientific-Technical Ties
  with Foreign Countries. Scientists
  from 40 countries of the world took
  in it.
  Author: Kulinich, S.
  Title: NEW NONDESTRUCIVE TESTING
  EQUIPMENT FOR AVIATION AND INDUSTRY
  Primary source: Moskovskiy
  komsomolets, August 31, 1982, No. 199
  (13469), p. 4, cols. 8-9
  Abstract: The article reviews ad-
  vances in the development'of acoustic
  and other advanced types of control-
  'and-measuring equipment for industry.

  Particular attention is devoted in
  this connection to accomplishments
  of the Q J."ear.,Q,L -.just- ItUL
  of._IJLLL0,c;r0Py in/Gscow This insti-
           L2EWD
  tute's developme4.1@ are said to include
  a non-standard ultrasonic thickness
  gauge no larger than a pocket cal-
  culator. This instrument operates
  with materials ranging in thickness
  from 1.5 millimeters to 1 meter.
       A number of other developments of
  the Moscow institute are mentioned,
  including a pulsed X-ray unit which
  permits the study of various processes
  taking place at high speeds (such as
  the operation of a nozzle or the in-
  jection of fuel into the combustion
  chamber of an automotive or aircraft
  engine). Some of the institute's
  developments are said to have no
  foreign counterparts, including an
  optical reflexometer for monitoring
  the structure and homogeneity of heat-
  proof and durable coatings; a multi-
  parameter eddy-current unit for
  measuring operating characteristics
  of products manufactured from several
  layers of metal; and a vibration
  diagnostic complex for monitoring
  the strength of stressed structures
  in shipbuilding, aviation and other
  industries. Another original devel-
  opment is.an acoustical flaw detector
  for aircraft building. The zone of
  a flaw in adhesive joints of multi-
  layer structures is shown on a panel
  by this instrument, which is about
  the size of a cigarette pack. Unlike
  the best foreign models, the Soviet
  flaw detector is said to be capable
  of revealing defects at depths as
  great as 20 millimeters.
       Doctor of Technical Sciences,
  Professor Vladimir Vladimirovich
  Klyuyev, the director of the intro-
  scopy institute, claimed that the
  USSR is keeping abreast of the most
  advanced countries in the fields of
  nondestructive testing. The Moscow
  institute has assumed leadership in
  the development of a number of methods,
  according to Klyuyev. Many of the
  approximately 30 instruments developed
  each year by the institute are said
  to surpass their foreign counterparts.
  Approved For Release 2001/03/07 CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500180023-5

            DP-4
A p4ao@r Release 2007M7: CIA-R 14' 0180
                                                )00,,@ 325/
F-21
CPYRGHT
@Aurhor: KlyuyevVv'V.., Professor, vice-
president ot the 17th International
Conference on Nondestructive Testing
Title: COMMENTS AT CLOSE OF CON-
FERENCE ON NONDESTRUCTIV -E TESTING
Primary source: Izvestiya, August
28, 1982, No. 240 (20221), p. 3,
cols. 4-5
Extract: From August 23 to 27, the
10th International Conference on
Nondestructive Testing was held at
the Moscow International Center of
Trade and Scientific-Technical Ties
with Foreign Countries. Scientists
from 40 countries of the world. took
part in it.
In our country; a great deal of
attention is devoted to the dev'el-
opment and introduction of means of
nondestructive testing and diagnosis.
Specialized institutes have been O@,7i
created: the Scientific Research
Institute of Intros7o-7 (Mo7cow),
711e Institute of Physics of Metals
of the USSR Arndo-mv of SrIences r-_3,)/W
Urals Research Center (UNTS AN SSSR),
the Belorussian Academy of Sciences'
OInstitute of Applied
 Physics, and
others. Scientists of the USSR
Academy of Sciences, industry re-
search institutes, educational in-
stitutions and industrial enterprises
are pursuing a broad front of research
on methods of nondestructive testing
based on the use of all types of
physical fields and radiation. We
are proceeding to the conprehensive
evaluation of the quality of products
according to numerous parameters
simultaneously, through the use of
various physical phenomena and analysis
of resulLs-by computers.
 Held in conjuction With the con-
ference was the international exhibi-
tion "Introskopiya-82", in which
more than 35 foreign firms that
manufacture and develop instruments
and equipment for nondestructive
testing participated.
Author: KUlinich, S.
Title: NEW NONDESTRUCIVE TESTING
EQUIPMENT FOR AVIATION AND INDUSTRY
Primary source: Moskovskiy
komsomolets, August 31, 1982, No. 199
(13469), 1). 4, cols. 8-9
Abstract: The article reviews ad-
vances in the development of acoustic
and other advanced types of control-
and-measuring equipment for industry.
Particular attention is devoted in

this connection to accomplishments
of the Scientific Research Institute
of Introscopy in Moscow. This insti-
tute's developments are said to include
a non-standard ultrasonic thickness
gauge no larger than a pocket cal-
culator. This instrument operates
with materials ranging in thickness
from 1.5 millimeters to 1 meter.
A number of other developments of
the Moscow institute are mentioned,
including a pulsed X-ray unit which
permits the study of various processes
taking place at high speeds (such as
the operation of a nozzle or the in-
jection of fuel into the combustion
chamber of an automotive or aircraft
engine) . !jome of the 'institute's
developments are said to have no
foreign counterparts, including an
optical reflexometer for monitoring
the structure and homogeneity of beat-
proof and durable coatings; a mulLi-
parameter eddy-current unit for
measuring operating characteristics
of products manufactured from several
layers of metal; and a vibration
diagnostic complex for monitoring
the strength of stressed structures
in shipbuilding, aviation and other
industries. Another original devel-
opment is an . acoustical flaw detector
for aircraft building. The zone of
a flaw in adhesive joints of multi-
layer structures is shown on a panel
by this instrument, which is about
the size of a cigarette pack. Unlike
the best foreign models, the Soviet
flaw detector is said to be capable
of revealing defects at depths as
great as 20 millimeters.
Doctor of Technical Sciences,
Professor Vladimir Vladimirovich
Klyuyev, the director of the Intro-
scopy institute , claimed that the
USSR is keeping abreast of the most
advanced countries in the fields of
nondestructive testing. The Moscow
institute has assumed leadership in
the development of a number of methods,
according to Klyuyev, Many of the
approximately 30 instruments developed
each year by the institute are said
to surpass their foreign couliterparts.
continuc-d no-xt. colu

41; Approved For Release 2001/03/07 - 96- 8,ZR000500180023-5
9
CPYRGHT
05
Institute of fietal Physics in_
Sverdlovsk, the All-Union Institute
of Nondestructive Testing in Kishinev,
the Institute of Physics in MLnsk,
the Institute of Electric Welding
imeni Paton in Kiyev and other in- .
stitutes are. collaborating with
research centers of member-countries
of the Council for Mutual Economic
Aid (SEV) in the development and
industr-ial-introduction of nondeBtruc-
tive testing methods.. NIIIN is co-
ordinating a SEV project entitled
"Development of Magnetic and Electro@
magnetic Methods", for example.
Fields of specialization are said
to differ from country- to country.
Bulgaria, for example, is specializing
in magnetic-particle flaw detection
equipment for analyzing various types
of cracks in the surfaces of metal
products. No such flaw detectors
are being produced in the USSR, ac-
cording to Klyuyev. He relates that
this typeof organi.-zation of work
permitted the@impleydentation of a
program for the dev'elopment of a
monitoring and diagnostic instrument-
complex in the period 1976-1980.
This program included 11 major pro-
jects and more than 1.00 assignments.
Asked about long-range tasks of
international cooperation, Klyuyev
stresse.s the importance of developing
a new generation of nondestructive-
testing instruments capable of de-
tecting product defects at early
stages of the production process.
They would be compact, high-speed,
multipurpose instruments,with a wide
range of measurements.
Title: GROMYKO COMMENTS ON STATUS
OF ARMS CONTROL TALKS
Primary source: Pravda, February 24,
1983, No. 55 (23581), p. 4, cols. 5-8
Abstract: The article is a lengthy.
interview in'.:which A. A. Gromyko
responded to questions of a Pravda
correspondent.concerning the cor-
relation of military forces between
West and East and negotiations on
arms control. The majority of the
interview is devoted to a discussion
of the status of the Geneva.negotia-
tions on limiting medium-range nuclear
weapons in Europe.
Title: GEORGIAN SSR STATE PRIZE FOR
SYNCHROTRON STREAMER CHAMBER,
Primary source: Zarya Vostoka-,
February 25, 1983, No. 47 (17523),
p. 1,-cols. 1-2; p. 3,.cols. 1-2
Abstract: The article announces the

names and titles of authors, authors'
organizational affiliations and titles
of works that have been awarded the
1983 Georgian SSR State Prize in the
field of science and technology.
There are three works in the area of
science and one work in the area of
technology.
     . Among the works in the area of
science is one r;iith the title:
Development and Construction of a
Streamer Chamber for the Study-of
Hadron-Hadron and Hadron-Nuclear
Interactions, and Introduction of
This Chamber in the Proton Synchrotron
of the Institute of High-Energy Physics
(Serpukhov) Within the Framework of
the 'Risk' Experiment.
Comments and additions or deletions
to the distribution list should be
addressed to:
SG11

 93
pproved
CPYRGHT
                                     For?elease 2001/03/07 CIA-REXP96-00787R 050018002 -5
0)0
Leningrad State University, regarding
the nature and prospective uses of
the method of chemical assembly for.
obtaining various materials and pro.-
ducts.. Aleskovskiy and colleagues
of his at Leningrad Technological
Institute are credited with pioneer
work in this field, and this group
of scientists has assumed leadership
in the.development of the chemical-
assembly method, it is claimed. Ac-
complishments in. this field are said
to open up possibilities for the pur-
posefully directed synthesizing of
many compounds, including polymers
and semiconductors..
Chemical-assembly te-chnology is-
already being employed in a number of
production facilities, Aleskovksiy
reports. In one process, iron products
are obtained through the reduction of
volatile ferric chloride on a special
substrate. SLmilar.pr.ocesses employ-
ing volatile compounds may be used to
synthesize semiconductor materials
and materials consisting of both
metallic and nonmetallic compounds.
Low-temperature cheinical-.welding is
mentioned as another possible appl.ica-
tion of the method. Seamless joints
can be obtained by the low-temperature
method without.causing thermal stresses
in the materials that are being welded,
according to Al.eskovskiy.
Author: Vanke,.V., Doctor of Physical-.
arsenide. The weight.of such a sta-
tion would be between 50,000 and
100,000 tons. Rockets capable of.
carrying payloads of 200 to 500 tons
would. be needed to transport the
materials. For the microwave-t-rans-
mission of energy, the author says
the.transmission efficiency would
be nearly 100 percent with a trans-
mitting antenna one kilometer in
diameter, and a ground receiving
system between 7 and 12 kilometers
in diameter. The transmitter would
have to have a large number of micro-
wave generators with capacities
ranging f.rom hundreds of watts to
several tens of kilowatts. The author
says the efficiency of reception and
reconversion of microwave-energy on
Earth could be as high as 90 percent.
The u@icrowave 6eam would be entirely
safe for humans, with the density
of its energy flow being less than
the intensity of solar radiation
on a clear summer day.
The author says that foreign spe-

cia.lists have estimated that a proto-
type of such a station on a reduced
scale could be deployed as early, as
10 years from now, and the experience
of its operation could make com-
mercial orbiting solar power stations-
a reality in 20 to 30 years. The
author- says it would have to be an
international project.
Mathematical Sciences, Professor at @@Author: Kul.inich,.S. (interviewer)
Moscow State University Title. SOCIALIST-BLOC COUNTRIE S T
Title: FEASIBILITY OF SOLAR POWER COOPERATION IN NONDESTRUCTIVE-TES TING
STATIONS IN SPACE R&D
Primary source: Izvestiya, Februaty
25, 1983, No. 56 (20402), p. 3, cols.
1-3
Abstract: The author discusses the
technical and economic feasibility of
assembling solar power stati.ons in
space and transmitting their energy
ta-Earth by microwaves. He says it.
has been determined that the economLr-
cally optimum capacity of such a sta-
tion in geostationary orbit is between
5 and 10 million kilowatts. For a
5-million-kw station, the overall
area of the solar collectors would
have to be about 50 square kilometers.
The panels would have to be film photo-
cells made of either silicon or gallium
Primary source: Moskovskiy komsomolo-ts,
February 10, 1983, N .o. 34 (13604),
p. 4, cols. 8-9
Abstract: The article is an inter-
view with Doctor of Technical Sciences,
Profeptsx Vladimir Vladimirovich
     f the Moscow
ZLZL1ey the head o
S gient i f 4 , P a Q Parch InstLiaLaaht
Tntrgo,&jWW (NIIIN) --f-e-garding the or-
ganization and results of cooperation
among socialist-bloc countries in the
field of nondestructive testing.
NIIIN is credited with numerous ac--
complishments in this field. It is
coordinating work-on nondestructive-
testing technology.
Klyuyev reports that.NIIIN, the
continued next_col

 or Release 2001/03/07
 rcpy
 YRGHT
 addition to the oceanographic research,
 extensive hydrometeorological 'studies
 are being conducted as part of the"
 program of the "Poleks--Yug" expedi-
 tion. In a few days, we expect to put
 in at the New Zealand port of Little-
 ton.
 Author: Mukhin, Yu. (Noginsk Rayon)
 Title: POLYMER COMPOSITES R&D AT
 CHEMICAL PHYSICS INSTITUTE
 Primary source: Leninskoye znamya,
 October 19, 1980, No. 240 (18460),
 p. 4, col. 1
 Extract: Polymer composite materials
 -- new man-made materials -- are moving
 more and more vigorously to the fore-
 front in technology. Their use as
 structural materials holds particular
 promise. Scientists of the USSR
 Academy of Sciences' Institute of
 ',Chemical Physics are pursuing major
 work on the study of composites' prop-
 erties and methods of obtaining. them.
 "The rapid advancement of technol-
 ogy has confronted scientists and
 engineers with the extremely complex
 task of developing materials with
 fundamentally new properties," related
 Doctor 'of Chemical Sciences B. A.
 ',V,ozenberg. "Composites possess high
 strength and reliability, good rigidity
 and lightness, resistance to corrosion
 and other valuable qualities. They
 are polymers reinforced with glass,
 carbon, bor.on, organic and other
 fibers which, possessing the necessary
 strength, bear the main load in the
 material."
 Major work on the development of
 new composites is being pursued at the
 Institute of Chemical Physics under
 the direction of academician N. S.
 Yenikolopov, a Lenin Prize laureate.
 The manufacturing of composite mater-
 ials by the method of polymerization
 filling has acquired particularly large
 importance in recent years.
 However, the cost of products made
 of composites is still very high, owing
 to the costliness of their source -
 materials -- polymer binding and rein-
 forcing fibers. However, these dif-
 ficulties will also be overcome even-
 tually.
 Approved For Release 2001/03/07
 CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500180023-5
 Author: Amirkhanyan, A. _(Dolgoprudnyy)
 Title: NEW HUMIDITY GENERATOR SIMU-
 LATES HIGH-ALTITUDE WEATHER CONDITIONS
 Primary source: Leninskoye znamya,
 October 19, 1980, No. 240 (18460),
 p. 4, cols. 2-3
 Abstract: The article reports on the

 principles and uses of a versatile
 humidity generator which has been
 designed by specialists of the Ivanovo
 Power Engineering Institute and scien-
 tists of the Central Aerological
 kObservatory. The generator is used to
 simulate high-altitutde temperature
 and humidity conditions which determine
 the density of cloud cover and affect
 the readings of meteorological instru-
 ments. Sensing devices are placed in
 the unit's working chamber. The
 sensors absorb vapor-and-air mixture
 from a saturation chamber. Different
 pressures and temperatures are created
 in the chambers for the purpose of
 simulating the flight of a radiosonde
 through different layers of the atmo-
 sphere. B. P. Zaychikov, a senior
 science associate of the observatory,
 demonstrated the use of the chamber
 to simulate a very high altitude at
 which clouds form. The humidity
 generator reportedly has enabled scien-
 tists to determine a wide range of
 changes'in humidity at any atmospheric
 temperature, and consequently to eval-
 uate the precision of relative-humidity
 calculations made with the aid of
 radiosoude sensors. The developmnnt
 of industrial humidity-generating
 units for weather forecasters and
 aviation meteorological services io
 planned in the near future.
 Author: Vladimova, I.
                       _)&D
 Title: PROGRESS OF HOLOGRAPUCL
 IN OPHTHALMOLOGY REVIEWED
 Primary source: Leninskoye znamya,
 October 19, 1980, No. 240 (18460),
 p. 4, cols. 6-8
 Abstract: The article reports results
 of research on medical applications
 of holography which is being pursued
 in the USSIR. Particular attention is
 devoted to the use of holography for
 diagnostic purposes in ophthalmology.
 Research in this direction is being
 (continued next Dage) -
 2 .- NO
                          CIA-RDP96-00787RO005005@023_5
 _40

Approved For Release 2001/03/07: CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500180023-5
PC P @YR
PYRGHT
,onducted by P rofessor_Ollg_,:@@Boris -ovna-
A Chentsova ___Fth ----I
_,_head of the op almo ogy
f-d'epartment Of the Moscow Oblast'
Clinical_LQ.LgMt4_f ic Resear in ti-0010W
ru-t 3_71 m-e n i and
op@ztol a science associate of
1@1'the
Al _U ion S@@intifiq 1@ @!@ar@c
Institu e o Ile ical TeC nology.
         :@_ @@Aog @Y-
@f this w@irik,
Chentsova reported that research on
the safety of the new method has been
carried out, a hologram recording
.scheme has been perfected and the
spectral characteristics of all eye
structures have been studied. The
possibility of beginning the develop-
ment of fundamentally new holographic
technology for ophthalmology has been
demonstrated. Cheittsova also displayed
holograms that are used for the purpose
of detecting damage to eye tiss'ues.
Kopeyko expressed the hope that in
the near future, new holographic
technology for eye clinics may be
developed as a joint project of MONIKI,
the All-Union Scientific Research
Institute of Medical Technology and
the Introscopy Scientific Research
InsC'IT"ute..w-li-ose.specialists have 610 -1j8
en part in this work.
Author: Izrael', Yu., corresponding
member of the USSR Academy of Sciences,
chairman of the USSR State Committee
for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring
of the Natural Environment
Title: ACHIEVEMENTS AND FURTHER
TASKS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Primary source: Izvestiya, February
7, 1981, No., 32 (19708), p. 3, cols.
1-3
Abstract: Izrael' .reviews successes
of environmental-protection measures
that were implemented in the last 5-
year plan period, and points out
remaining problems which require
further efforts in the new 5-year
period. One of the problems he notes
is the fallibility of reliance on
ministries to undertake the anti-
pollution measures that are assigned
to them. For example, Izrael'
explains, when individual ministries
in a large city or industrial region
implement anti-pollution measures,
enterprises that are subordinate to
other ministries may continue to
pollute, and the average level of
ontinusd next column)
Ap@Wovea For elease 2001/03/07
pollution in the territorr-ni LL0_r7-

ignificantly reduced. Izraell names
8
a number of ministries that did not
use up the capital allocated for
environmental-protection measures in
the last 5-year plan period. They
included the pulp and paper industry,
farm machinery industry, chemical
industry, and ferrous and nonferrous
metallurgy. In view of this, I 'zrael'
says there must be a combination of
industry and territorial principles
of planning environmental-protection
measures.
Izrael' notes that more than 6
billion rubles is to be spent on envi-
ronmental protection in 1981, with
more than 1.7 billion represented by
state budget allocations.
title: INTERVIEW WITH AIRCRAFT
DESIGNER 0. K. ANTONOV
Primary source: Izvestiya, February
7, 1981, No. 32 (19708), p. 3, cols.
6-8
Ab'6tract: The article is an interview
with general aircraft designer Oleg
Konstantinovich Antonov on the occa-
sion of his 75th birthday.
Anticipating a question about the
latest achievements of the bureau that
he heads in Kiyev, Antonov started
talking about the AN-72 and AN-32
transport airplanes and the 17-seat
AN-28 passenger plane, all of which
were developed in the 10th 5-Year
Plan period. The AN-28 is intended to
replace the passenger version of the
AN-2, which is now 37 years old.
Nevertheless, Antonov observed that
there are still enough orders for the
AN-2 to continue its production through
the next five years. Antonov also
talked about his bureau's AN-24, which
he says is the most widely used air-
plane in the airline Aeroflot. A
decision has been made to increase the
service life of the AN-24. This has
required extensive calculations and
experimental studies of the endurance
and durability-of the wings, fuselage,
aggregates and other parts. Increas-
ing the service life of the AN-24 is
expected to yield savings of 88 million
rubles annually, according to Antonov.
Antonov also responded to questions
about his notions of aircraft of the
future, and about ideal qualities of
leaders of large groups of specialists.
3
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