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50. IntroscopZ Used for Quality Contr)l in Industry
It T Clear-Seeing I Devicesq 11 by P, ._-, shS@@qv,, Professor and
Doctor of the Technical Scienc-3tt R;scow,, Izvestiva 5 Feb
19659 p 3
fA-bstract7 In recent years in our country a new direction in
science and technology has arisen and begun developing - introscopyo
In the most general meaning., introscopy is the direct vision of the
inside of non-transparent bodies and me ao
In essence, there is nothing which is non-transparent in natureo
One must only choose the penetrating radiation correctly and one will
be able to transform them into a visible imageo This is the problem
of introscopy.
The building of such expensive things as airplanes., missiles,,
superpowerful turbogenerators., atomic reactorsothermal and hydroelec-
@.,-tric power plants, deep drilling rigs,, etc,. is characterized by the
tremendous concentration of great material-technical means and engineer-
ing thought in one object,
Naturally., the problem of the quality of materials,, parts., and
units used in building such complex facilities has been sharply intro-
duced into such circumstances. The necessity of the continuous study
and control of inner processes characterizing the reliability of parts
has arisen. In a number of branches of industry, especially in the
ipe and sheet rolling industry,, the absence of reliable means of auto-
matic control has become an impediment, to progress.
   The problem of early medical diagnosis., especially timely dis-
covery of such serious illnesses as cancers sarcoma, cystso and others,,
remains extremely difficult.
Introscopy based on the extenelve use of the most diverse pene-
trating radiations is one of the practicable ways of solving such
6tprr
problems o
   The physical basis of introscopy is the interaction of radiation
with matter and recording ths changes vAiich they undergo in the processo
Many forms of penetrating radiations can be used as an "agent" able to
carry voluminous information on the irmer structure, composition.. and
properties of non-transparent bodies and medias from gamma-quanta of
high energies to radiowaves in millimeter and submillimeter ranges and
also fluxes of various particleso
One of the central problems of introscopy is the transformation
of t1aese invisible radiations into visible imageso Each "photoll.in
penetrating radiations in principle can be transformed into electrical
(cont'd)
Approved For R~lgl&-J~kBIYO-3/-6~~-elX-RDP96-00787ROO0500180024.4

        App"ir of
   cats can be reduced to its conversion and amplification.
   From another viewpoint, it is well known that the transference Df
   fundamental principles and lavj6 from one area of knowledge into another
   very often leads to fruitful results. Theoretical and experimental work'
   shows that many basic principles of radio technology can successfully be
   transferred into the area of light.. magnetic,, and semiconducting., and
   even mechanical phenomena. Ri(,h prospects for practical investigation;@
   are being opened here. Some of them have already yielded gratifying
   results. For instance., a numbur of creative collectives have demonstrated
   the practicable possibility of making a device,, known as an "artificial
   eyelt with a tremendous number of discretely operating elements based on
   miniature and superminiature ar,plifiers. Such transformation were first
   developed in our country. But it is well known that even abroad they
   now receive a great deal of atiention. Theywill find extensive appli-
   cation*
   "Innervision" has already had a significant economic effect. The
   use of the first gamma-television introscope in one of the machine
   building factories has made it possible to accomplish continuous control
   of welded constructions in the production process, and in addition it has
   set free a large quantity of X-ray film and reduced the staff of control-
   lers. According to calculations of the planning organizations, the use
   of the betatron introscope being developed by the Tomsk Polytechnic
   Institute for quality control c;f hot flowing metal can save one plant
   more than half a million rublet a year. It has been shown experimentally
   that in chemistry it is possible to control not only the homogeneity of
   composition but also the course of processes by use of introscopy.
   One of the first uses of introscopy was found in the study of the
   quality of semiconducting materials for studying the homogeneity of
   single crystals which are not transparent for visible lighto But this
   is only the beginning. In the area of semiconducting materials and
   quantum radio electronics there is'much to do to broaden the sphere of
   use of introscopy.
   In scientific experimentation introscopy is necessary for studying
   the relief of magnetic, electromagnetic,, and super-high frequency fields,.
   for radioastronomy, for biochemistry and encephalographic research,, and
   for the investigation of pathological changes inside a living organism.
   Human blood., for instance.. is transparent like distilled water under ob-
   servation by an introscope.
   It is impossible to predLet the future uses of the introscope., but
   its use will be significantly more expansive than that of the microscope
   or tblescope.
   (cont1d)
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  Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500180024-4
  INTROSCOPY AIDS METALLURGICAL, MEDICAL SCIENCE
  MOSCOW PRAVDA 7 Jul 70 p 2 L
  (A. Ustinov article: "Penetrating the Invisible"]
  4
  \14 110 CAW?
  fj
  (Excerpt] A new direction in science has now been born--intros copy, or intravision
  Ivnutrivideniyel- .- I I .I
  The Possibilities of the application of introscopy are infinite. They are
  necessary to observe and control processes in metals, concrete, fiberglass, and
  ploymers. They are also extremely necessary for early medical diagnosis--the
  discovery of tumors and the microphotography of the walls of blood vessels
  and the heart without su--gerY.
  In the metallurgical industry, for example. the productivity of high-speed
  rolling mills equals several meters of metal per second. Naturally, under these
  conditions no-selective control of product quality is capable of meeting the
  clients' requirements. In this connection the problem has arisen of the high-
  speed automatic control of. product quality in its many aspects under flow-line
  conditions. In particular,. a multichannel installation has been created at the
  Introscopy Scientific Research Institute of the Wnistry of Instrument Building,
  Me'a-M-01' Auromalcvan% the participation of the Pervouralsk
  new pipe plant. It is intended to control the quality of hot-rolled pipes during
  their movement along the conveyer. This enables the product,quality to be
  guaranteed.
  SG1A
  Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500180024-4