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      CPYRGHT
      "J
           Viking I enters
      orbit
      Vikiflg 2
      180ding silo
      Utopia Planitia,
      48.0 0 N., 225.7' W.
       k
      low,
      Ferry mission complete, X
      the orbiter will continue to
      circle Mars, snapping high-
      'Joe resolution photographs
      AAN@
          of the planet's surface
      N
           for up to two years.
      2 Orbiter releases lander
      inside aeroshell
      0
      3 Lander flips over,
      de-orbit engines fire
      "We hove touchdown 1
                0 ENTER ORBIT, Viking I fires its braking
           engine (1). Landing-site safety check complete,
           T
      the orbiter releases the lander, cocooned in a sau-
      cerlike, protective acroshell (2). Since it takes as
      long as 2 2 minutes for a radio signal to reach Mars
      from earth, a computer in the lander masterminds
      the landing sequence.
      First, it ignites the de-orbit engines that nudge
      5 Parachute deploys and
      aeroshell shieldjettisons
      at 19,400 feet
      4@
      PAINTING BY PIERRL MIGN
      the acroshell out of orbit and into a landing tra-
      I
      jectory (3). As the acroshell plunge@ into the Mar-
      tian atmosphere, frictional temperatures up to
      1,500' Celsius (2,730' F.) sear the Iablative shield
      (4). When th ,e aeroshell has slowed io less than 600
      miles an hour, the computer deploy s a parachute
      for further braking and jettisons @ the protective
      shield (5). Later, the parachute is r Ieleased.
           Terminal -descent engines (6) slojv the lander to
      five mph and triumphant touchdown (7).
      4 Entry into the
      .Martian atmosphere
      13
      TNI

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